Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone
It is widely accepted that the subchondral bone (SCB) plays a crucial role in the physiopathology of osteoarthritis (OA), although its contribution is still debated. Much of the pre-clinical research on the role of SCB is concentrated on comparative evaluations of healthy vs. early OA or early OA vs...
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MDPI AG
2019-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/770 |
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| author | Shahed Taheri Thomas Winkler Lia Sabrina Schenk Carl Neuerburg Sebastian Felix Baumbach Jozef Zustin Wolfgang Lehmann Arndt F. Schilling |
| author_facet | Shahed Taheri Thomas Winkler Lia Sabrina Schenk Carl Neuerburg Sebastian Felix Baumbach Jozef Zustin Wolfgang Lehmann Arndt F. Schilling |
| author_sort | Shahed Taheri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | It is widely accepted that the subchondral bone (SCB) plays a crucial role in the physiopathology of osteoarthritis (OA), although its contribution is still debated. Much of the pre-clinical research on the role of SCB is concentrated on comparative evaluations of healthy vs. early OA or early OA vs. advanced OA cases, while neglecting how pure maturation could change the SCB’s microstructure. To assess the transformations of the healthy SCB from young age to early adulthood, we examined the microstructure and material composition of the medial condyle of the femur in calves (three months) and cattle (18 months) for the calcified cartilage (CC) and the subchondral bone plate (SCBP). The entire subchondral zone (SCZ) was significantly thicker in cattle compared to calves, although the proportion of the CC and SCBP thicknesses were relatively constant. The trabecular number (Tb.N.) and the connectivity density (Conn.D) were significantly higher in the deeper region of the SCZ, while the bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and the degree of anisotropy (DA) were more affected by age rather than the region. The mineralization increased within the first 250 µm of the SCZ irrespective of sample type, and became stable thereafter. Cattle exhibited higher mineralization than calves at all depths, with a mean Ca/P ratio of 1.59 and 1.64 for calves and cattle, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that the SCZ is highly dynamic at early age, and CC is the most dynamic layer of the SCZ. |
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| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9967ddcebfce4ea2a2e71e9028ea8fd22022-12-22T03:58:25ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1422-00672019-02-0120377010.3390/ijms20030770ijms20030770Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral BoneShahed Taheri0Thomas Winkler1Lia Sabrina Schenk2Carl Neuerburg3Sebastian Felix Baumbach4Jozef Zustin5Wolfgang Lehmann6Arndt F. Schilling7Clinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyInstitute of Biomechanics, Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 21073 Hamburg, GermanyInstitute of Biomechanics, Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg, 21073 Hamburg, GermanyExperimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Trauma Surgery–Campus Innenstadt, Munich University Hospital LMU, 80336 Munich, GermanyExperimental Surgery and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Trauma Surgery–Campus Innenstadt, Munich University Hospital LMU, 80336 Munich, GermanyPathology, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg 20251, GermanyClinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyClinic for Trauma Surgery, Orthopaedic Surgery and Plastic Surgery, Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, GermanyIt is widely accepted that the subchondral bone (SCB) plays a crucial role in the physiopathology of osteoarthritis (OA), although its contribution is still debated. Much of the pre-clinical research on the role of SCB is concentrated on comparative evaluations of healthy vs. early OA or early OA vs. advanced OA cases, while neglecting how pure maturation could change the SCB’s microstructure. To assess the transformations of the healthy SCB from young age to early adulthood, we examined the microstructure and material composition of the medial condyle of the femur in calves (three months) and cattle (18 months) for the calcified cartilage (CC) and the subchondral bone plate (SCBP). The entire subchondral zone (SCZ) was significantly thicker in cattle compared to calves, although the proportion of the CC and SCBP thicknesses were relatively constant. The trabecular number (Tb.N.) and the connectivity density (Conn.D) were significantly higher in the deeper region of the SCZ, while the bone volume fraction (BV/TV), and the degree of anisotropy (DA) were more affected by age rather than the region. The mineralization increased within the first 250 µm of the SCZ irrespective of sample type, and became stable thereafter. Cattle exhibited higher mineralization than calves at all depths, with a mean Ca/P ratio of 1.59 and 1.64 for calves and cattle, respectively. Collectively, these results indicate that the SCZ is highly dynamic at early age, and CC is the most dynamic layer of the SCZ.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/770bone histomorphometrysubchondral bonemicrocomputed tomographyosteoarthritiscalcified cartilage |
| spellingShingle | Shahed Taheri Thomas Winkler Lia Sabrina Schenk Carl Neuerburg Sebastian Felix Baumbach Jozef Zustin Wolfgang Lehmann Arndt F. Schilling Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone International Journal of Molecular Sciences bone histomorphometry subchondral bone microcomputed tomography osteoarthritis calcified cartilage |
| title | Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone |
| title_full | Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone |
| title_fullStr | Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone |
| title_short | Developmental Transformation and Reduction of Connective Cavities within the Subchondral Bone |
| title_sort | developmental transformation and reduction of connective cavities within the subchondral bone |
| topic | bone histomorphometry subchondral bone microcomputed tomography osteoarthritis calcified cartilage |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/20/3/770 |
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