Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams
The multi-angle Doppler method was introduced for the estimation of velocity vectors by measuring axial velocities from multiple directions. We have recently reported that the autocorrelation-based velocity vector estimation could be ameliorated significantly by estimating the wavenumbers in two dim...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9787 |
| _version_ | 1797455321518571520 |
|---|---|
| author | Hideyuki Hasegawa Masaaki Omura Ryo Nagaoka Kozue Saito |
| author_facet | Hideyuki Hasegawa Masaaki Omura Ryo Nagaoka Kozue Saito |
| author_sort | Hideyuki Hasegawa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The multi-angle Doppler method was introduced for the estimation of velocity vectors by measuring axial velocities from multiple directions. We have recently reported that the autocorrelation-based velocity vector estimation could be ameliorated significantly by estimating the wavenumbers in two dimensions. Since two-dimensional wavenumber estimation requires a snapshot of an ultrasonic field, the method was first implemented in plane wave imaging. Although plane wave imaging is predominantly useful for examining blood flows at an extremely high temporal resolution, it was reported that the contrast in a B-mode image obtained with a few plane wave emissions was lower than that obtained with focused beams. In this study, the two-dimensional wavenumber analysis was first implemented in a framework with focused transmit beams. The simulations showed that the proposed method achieved an accuracy in velocity estimation comparable to that of the method with plane wave imaging. Furthermore, the performances of the methods implemented in focused beam and plane wave imaging were compared by measuring human common carotid arteries in vivo. Image contrasts were analyzed in normal and clutter-filtered B-mode images. The method with focused beam imaging achieved a better contrast in normal B-mode imaging, and similar velocity magnitudes and angles were obtained by both the methods with focused beam and plane wave imaging. In contrast, the method with plane wave imaging gave a better contrast in a clutter-filtered B-mode image and smaller variances in velocity magnitudes than those with focused beams. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-996b06afbe0144a992f145c296a9b963 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T15:52:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-996b06afbe0144a992f145c296a9b9632023-11-24T17:55:24ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-12-012224978710.3390/s22249787Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit BeamsHideyuki Hasegawa0Masaaki Omura1Ryo Nagaoka2Kozue Saito3Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, JapanFaculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, JapanFaculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, JapanDepartment of Neurology, Stroke Center, Nara Medical University, Nara 634-8522, JapanThe multi-angle Doppler method was introduced for the estimation of velocity vectors by measuring axial velocities from multiple directions. We have recently reported that the autocorrelation-based velocity vector estimation could be ameliorated significantly by estimating the wavenumbers in two dimensions. Since two-dimensional wavenumber estimation requires a snapshot of an ultrasonic field, the method was first implemented in plane wave imaging. Although plane wave imaging is predominantly useful for examining blood flows at an extremely high temporal resolution, it was reported that the contrast in a B-mode image obtained with a few plane wave emissions was lower than that obtained with focused beams. In this study, the two-dimensional wavenumber analysis was first implemented in a framework with focused transmit beams. The simulations showed that the proposed method achieved an accuracy in velocity estimation comparable to that of the method with plane wave imaging. Furthermore, the performances of the methods implemented in focused beam and plane wave imaging were compared by measuring human common carotid arteries in vivo. Image contrasts were analyzed in normal and clutter-filtered B-mode images. The method with focused beam imaging achieved a better contrast in normal B-mode imaging, and similar velocity magnitudes and angles were obtained by both the methods with focused beam and plane wave imaging. In contrast, the method with plane wave imaging gave a better contrast in a clutter-filtered B-mode image and smaller variances in velocity magnitudes than those with focused beams.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9787blood flow measurementautocorrelation techniquevector Dopplerbeam steering anglecenter frequency |
| spellingShingle | Hideyuki Hasegawa Masaaki Omura Ryo Nagaoka Kozue Saito Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams Sensors blood flow measurement autocorrelation technique vector Doppler beam steering angle center frequency |
| title | Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams |
| title_full | Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams |
| title_fullStr | Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams |
| title_full_unstemmed | Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams |
| title_short | Two-Dimensional Wavenumber Analysis Implemented in Ultrasonic Vector Doppler Method with Focused Transmit Beams |
| title_sort | two dimensional wavenumber analysis implemented in ultrasonic vector doppler method with focused transmit beams |
| topic | blood flow measurement autocorrelation technique vector Doppler beam steering angle center frequency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/24/9787 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hideyukihasegawa twodimensionalwavenumberanalysisimplementedinultrasonicvectordopplermethodwithfocusedtransmitbeams AT masaakiomura twodimensionalwavenumberanalysisimplementedinultrasonicvectordopplermethodwithfocusedtransmitbeams AT ryonagaoka twodimensionalwavenumberanalysisimplementedinultrasonicvectordopplermethodwithfocusedtransmitbeams AT kozuesaito twodimensionalwavenumberanalysisimplementedinultrasonicvectordopplermethodwithfocusedtransmitbeams |