Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves.
To assess the effect of meloxicam and lidocaine on indicators of pain associated with castration, forty-eight Angus crossbred beef calves (304 ± 40.5 kg of BW, 7-8 months of age) were used in a 28 day experiment. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial design where main factors included provis...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2018-01-01
|
| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207289 |
| _version_ | 1818938771292291072 |
|---|---|
| author | Daniela M Meléndez Sonia Marti Edmond A Pajor Pritam K Sidhu Désirée Gellatly Diego Moya Eugene D Janzen Johann F Coetzee Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein |
| author_facet | Daniela M Meléndez Sonia Marti Edmond A Pajor Pritam K Sidhu Désirée Gellatly Diego Moya Eugene D Janzen Johann F Coetzee Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein |
| author_sort | Daniela M Meléndez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To assess the effect of meloxicam and lidocaine on indicators of pain associated with castration, forty-eight Angus crossbred beef calves (304 ± 40.5 kg of BW, 7-8 months of age) were used in a 28 day experiment. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial design where main factors included provision of analgesia and local anaesthesia. Analgesia consisted of: no-meloxicam (N; n = 24) single s.c. administration of lactated ringer's solution and meloxicam (M; n = 24) single dose of 0.5 mg/kg of s.c. meloxicam. Local anesthesia consisted of: no-lidocaine (R; n = 24) ring block administration of lactated ringer's solution or lidociane (L; n = 24) ring block administration of lidocaine. To yield the following treatments: no meloxicam + no lidocaine (N-R; n = 12), no meloxicam + lidocaine (N-L; n = 12), meloxicam + no lidocaine (M-R; n = 12) and meloxicam + lidocaine (M-L; n = 12). Salivary cortisol concentrations were lower (lidocaine × time effect; P < 0.01) in L calves than R calves 0.5 and 1 hours after castration, while concentrations were lower (meloxicam × time effect; P = 0.02) in M calves than N calves at 2, 4 and 48 hours. The serum amyloid-A concentrations were greater (lidocaine × time effect; P < 0.01) in R calves than L calves on days 1, 3, 21 and 28 after castration. Haptoglobin concentrations were greater (meloxicam × time effect; P = 0.01) in N calves than M calves 24 and 48 hours after castration. Lower (lidocaine effect; P < 0.01) visual analog scale (VAS) scores, leg movement frequencies and head movement distance were observed in L calves than R calves at the time of castration. Escape behaviour during castration was lower (lidocaine effect; P < 0.05) in L calves than R calves based on data captured with accelerometer and head gate devices. Scrotal circumference had a triple interaction (lidocaine × meloxicam × time; P = 0.03), where M-R calves had greater scrotal circumference than M-L calves 28 d after castration, but no differences were observed between both groups and N-R and N-L calves. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed for average daily gain (ADG), weights or feeding behaviour. Overall, both lidocaine and meloxicam reduced physiological and behavioural indicators of pain. Although there was only one meloxicam × lidocaine interaction, lidocaine and meloxicam reduced physiological and behavioural parameters at different time points, which could be more effective at mitigating pain than either drug on its own. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:13:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99701f02f0d846419d5b6cdb4d40d163 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T06:13:09Z |
| publishDate | 2018-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-99701f02f0d846419d5b6cdb4d40d1632022-12-21T19:50:37ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032018-01-011311e020728910.1371/journal.pone.0207289Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves.Daniela M MeléndezSonia MartiEdmond A PajorPritam K SidhuDésirée GellatlyDiego MoyaEugene D JanzenJohann F CoetzeeKaren S Schwartzkopf-GensweinTo assess the effect of meloxicam and lidocaine on indicators of pain associated with castration, forty-eight Angus crossbred beef calves (304 ± 40.5 kg of BW, 7-8 months of age) were used in a 28 day experiment. The experiment consisted of a 2 × 2 factorial design where main factors included provision of analgesia and local anaesthesia. Analgesia consisted of: no-meloxicam (N; n = 24) single s.c. administration of lactated ringer's solution and meloxicam (M; n = 24) single dose of 0.5 mg/kg of s.c. meloxicam. Local anesthesia consisted of: no-lidocaine (R; n = 24) ring block administration of lactated ringer's solution or lidociane (L; n = 24) ring block administration of lidocaine. To yield the following treatments: no meloxicam + no lidocaine (N-R; n = 12), no meloxicam + lidocaine (N-L; n = 12), meloxicam + no lidocaine (M-R; n = 12) and meloxicam + lidocaine (M-L; n = 12). Salivary cortisol concentrations were lower (lidocaine × time effect; P < 0.01) in L calves than R calves 0.5 and 1 hours after castration, while concentrations were lower (meloxicam × time effect; P = 0.02) in M calves than N calves at 2, 4 and 48 hours. The serum amyloid-A concentrations were greater (lidocaine × time effect; P < 0.01) in R calves than L calves on days 1, 3, 21 and 28 after castration. Haptoglobin concentrations were greater (meloxicam × time effect; P = 0.01) in N calves than M calves 24 and 48 hours after castration. Lower (lidocaine effect; P < 0.01) visual analog scale (VAS) scores, leg movement frequencies and head movement distance were observed in L calves than R calves at the time of castration. Escape behaviour during castration was lower (lidocaine effect; P < 0.05) in L calves than R calves based on data captured with accelerometer and head gate devices. Scrotal circumference had a triple interaction (lidocaine × meloxicam × time; P = 0.03), where M-R calves had greater scrotal circumference than M-L calves 28 d after castration, but no differences were observed between both groups and N-R and N-L calves. No differences (P > 0.05) were observed for average daily gain (ADG), weights or feeding behaviour. Overall, both lidocaine and meloxicam reduced physiological and behavioural indicators of pain. Although there was only one meloxicam × lidocaine interaction, lidocaine and meloxicam reduced physiological and behavioural parameters at different time points, which could be more effective at mitigating pain than either drug on its own.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207289 |
| spellingShingle | Daniela M Meléndez Sonia Marti Edmond A Pajor Pritam K Sidhu Désirée Gellatly Diego Moya Eugene D Janzen Johann F Coetzee Karen S Schwartzkopf-Genswein Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. PLoS ONE |
| title | Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. |
| title_full | Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. |
| title_fullStr | Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. |
| title_short | Effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves. |
| title_sort | effect of meloxicam and lidocaine administered alone or in combination on indicators of pain and distress during and after knife castration in weaned beef calves |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0207289 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT danielammelendez effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT soniamarti effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT edmondapajor effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT pritamksidhu effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT desireegellatly effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT diegomoya effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT eugenedjanzen effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT johannfcoetzee effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves AT karensschwartzkopfgenswein effectofmeloxicamandlidocaineadministeredaloneorincombinationonindicatorsofpainanddistressduringandafterknifecastrationinweanedbeefcalves |