The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties
Sorghum is a gluten-free cereal representing a staple food in many countries of Africa, where germination is traditionally used for the preparation of several sorghum-based products. This study focused on the effect of germination on total phenolic content, in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/9/1218 |
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| author | Nafiou Arouna Morena Gabriele Laura Pucci |
| author_facet | Nafiou Arouna Morena Gabriele Laura Pucci |
| author_sort | Nafiou Arouna |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sorghum is a gluten-free cereal representing a staple food in many countries of Africa, where germination is traditionally used for the preparation of several sorghum-based products. This study focused on the effect of germination on total phenolic content, in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive action of sorghum from Togo. Total phenolic content was estimated as Folin–Ciocalteu reducing capacity, while antioxidant activities were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) in vitro tests and ex vivo by the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay on human erythrocytes. The antihypertensive effect of germinated and non-germinated sorghum peptides fraction was evaluated as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Despite our findings demonstrated no impact of germination on the total phenolic content, non-germinated sorghum showed significantly higher in vitro antioxidant activities than the germinated one; further, non-germinated sorghum displayed significantly higher ACE inhibition than germinated sorghum that, instead, at lower doses, exhibited better erythrocytes protection from peroxyl radicals. In conclusion, the germination process negatively impacted the in vitro antioxidant activity and the antihypertensive effect of sorghum while improved erythrocytes protection. This study evidenced better nutraceutical potential of non-germinated sorghum that, besides good antioxidant activity, represents an important source of ACE-inhibitory peptides. However, the germination process might have positively impacted the profile of bioactive compounds involved in the protection of human erythrocytes from oxidative damage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:38:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-997d6d212aa849e2a7b233f383a02acc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:38:01Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-997d6d212aa849e2a7b233f383a02acc2023-11-20T12:15:24ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582020-09-0199121810.3390/foods9091218The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical PropertiesNafiou Arouna0Morena Gabriele1Laura Pucci2National Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Research Unit of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Research Unit of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalyNational Research Council, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology (IBBA), Research Unit of Pisa, Via Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, ItalySorghum is a gluten-free cereal representing a staple food in many countries of Africa, where germination is traditionally used for the preparation of several sorghum-based products. This study focused on the effect of germination on total phenolic content, in vitro and ex vivo antioxidant activity, and antihypertensive action of sorghum from Togo. Total phenolic content was estimated as Folin–Ciocalteu reducing capacity, while antioxidant activities were assessed using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) in vitro tests and ex vivo by the cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay on human erythrocytes. The antihypertensive effect of germinated and non-germinated sorghum peptides fraction was evaluated as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity. Despite our findings demonstrated no impact of germination on the total phenolic content, non-germinated sorghum showed significantly higher in vitro antioxidant activities than the germinated one; further, non-germinated sorghum displayed significantly higher ACE inhibition than germinated sorghum that, instead, at lower doses, exhibited better erythrocytes protection from peroxyl radicals. In conclusion, the germination process negatively impacted the in vitro antioxidant activity and the antihypertensive effect of sorghum while improved erythrocytes protection. This study evidenced better nutraceutical potential of non-germinated sorghum that, besides good antioxidant activity, represents an important source of ACE-inhibitory peptides. However, the germination process might have positively impacted the profile of bioactive compounds involved in the protection of human erythrocytes from oxidative damage.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/9/1218sorghumgerminationtotal phenolic contentantioxidant activityCAA-RBCbioactive peptides |
| spellingShingle | Nafiou Arouna Morena Gabriele Laura Pucci The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties Foods sorghum germination total phenolic content antioxidant activity CAA-RBC bioactive peptides |
| title | The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties |
| title_full | The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties |
| title_short | The Impact of Germination on Sorghum Nutraceutical Properties |
| title_sort | impact of germination on sorghum nutraceutical properties |
| topic | sorghum germination total phenolic content antioxidant activity CAA-RBC bioactive peptides |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/9/9/1218 |
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