Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes
Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is an ideal photocatalyst candidate due to its high activity, low toxicity and cost, and high chemical stability. However, its practical application in photocatalysis is seriously hindered by the wide band gap energy of TiO<sub>2</sub> and t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/14/5137 |
| _version_ | 1797588434243551232 |
|---|---|
| author | Yanling Jin Jiayi Wang Xin Gao Fang Ren Zhengyan Chen Zhenfeng Sun Penggang Ren |
| author_facet | Yanling Jin Jiayi Wang Xin Gao Fang Ren Zhengyan Chen Zhenfeng Sun Penggang Ren |
| author_sort | Yanling Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is an ideal photocatalyst candidate due to its high activity, low toxicity and cost, and high chemical stability. However, its practical application in photocatalysis is seriously hindered by the wide band gap energy of TiO<sub>2</sub> and the prone recombination of electron-hole pairs. In this study, C, N doped TiO<sub>2</sub> were supported on spent coffee grounds-derived carbon (ACG) via in situ formation, which was denoted as C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG. The obtained C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG exhibits increased light absorption efficiency with the band gap energy decreasing from 3.31 eV of TiO<sub>2</sub> to 2.34 eV, a higher specific surface area of 145.8 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and reduced recombination rates attributed to the synergistic effect of a spent coffee grounds-derived carbon substrate and C, N doping. Consequently, the optimal 1:1 C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG delivers considerable photocatalytic activity with degradation efficiencies for methylene blue (MB) reaching 96.9% within 45 min, as well as a high reaction rate of 0.06348 min<sup>−1</sup>, approximately 4.66 times that of TiO<sub>2</sub> (0.01361 min<sup>−1</sup>). Furthermore, it also demonstrated greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency towards methyl orange (MO) in the presence of MB compared with a single MO solution. This work provides a feasible and universal strategy of synchronous introducing nonmetal doping and biomass-derived carbon substrates to promote the photocatalytic performance of TiO<sub>2</sub> for the degradation of organic dyes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:53:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-998417911d0741a1a654f65b9e22adaf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:53:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-998417911d0741a1a654f65b9e22adaf2023-11-18T20:18:32ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-07-011614513710.3390/ma16145137Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic DyesYanling Jin0Jiayi Wang1Xin Gao2Fang Ren3Zhengyan Chen4Zhenfeng Sun5Penggang Ren6Faculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaFaculty of Printing, Packaging Engineering and Digital Media Technology, Xi’an University of Technology, Jinhua South Road No. 5, Xi’an 710048, ChinaTitanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is an ideal photocatalyst candidate due to its high activity, low toxicity and cost, and high chemical stability. However, its practical application in photocatalysis is seriously hindered by the wide band gap energy of TiO<sub>2</sub> and the prone recombination of electron-hole pairs. In this study, C, N doped TiO<sub>2</sub> were supported on spent coffee grounds-derived carbon (ACG) via in situ formation, which was denoted as C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG. The obtained C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG exhibits increased light absorption efficiency with the band gap energy decreasing from 3.31 eV of TiO<sub>2</sub> to 2.34 eV, a higher specific surface area of 145.8 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and reduced recombination rates attributed to the synergistic effect of a spent coffee grounds-derived carbon substrate and C, N doping. Consequently, the optimal 1:1 C, N–TiO<sub>2</sub>@ACG delivers considerable photocatalytic activity with degradation efficiencies for methylene blue (MB) reaching 96.9% within 45 min, as well as a high reaction rate of 0.06348 min<sup>−1</sup>, approximately 4.66 times that of TiO<sub>2</sub> (0.01361 min<sup>−1</sup>). Furthermore, it also demonstrated greatly enhanced photocatalytic efficiency towards methyl orange (MO) in the presence of MB compared with a single MO solution. This work provides a feasible and universal strategy of synchronous introducing nonmetal doping and biomass-derived carbon substrates to promote the photocatalytic performance of TiO<sub>2</sub> for the degradation of organic dyes.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/14/5137titanium dioxidespent coffee grounds–derived carbonC, N dopingphotocatalytic degradationorganic dyesdye mixture |
| spellingShingle | Yanling Jin Jiayi Wang Xin Gao Fang Ren Zhengyan Chen Zhenfeng Sun Penggang Ren Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes Materials titanium dioxide spent coffee grounds–derived carbon C, N doping photocatalytic degradation organic dyes dye mixture |
| title | Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes |
| title_full | Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes |
| title_fullStr | Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes |
| title_short | Spent Coffee Grounds Derived Carbon Loading C, N Doped TiO<sub>2</sub> for Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Dyes |
| title_sort | spent coffee grounds derived carbon loading c n doped tio sub 2 sub for photocatalytic degradation of organic dyes |
| topic | titanium dioxide spent coffee grounds–derived carbon C, N doping photocatalytic degradation organic dyes dye mixture |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/14/5137 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanlingjin spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT jiayiwang spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT xingao spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT fangren spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT zhengyanchen spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT zhenfengsun spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes AT penggangren spentcoffeegroundsderivedcarbonloadingcndopedtiosub2subforphotocatalyticdegradationoforganicdyes |