Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation
ObjectivesThere is elevated unease regarding how repetitive head impacts, such as those associated with soccer heading, contribute to alterations in brain function. This study examined the extent heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) metrics are altered immediately...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neurology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.980938/full |
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| author | Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Dakota Peacock Dakota Peacock Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Kevin J. Bouliane Jill Dierijck Jill Dierijck Paul van Donkelaar |
| author_facet | Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Dakota Peacock Dakota Peacock Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Kevin J. Bouliane Jill Dierijck Jill Dierijck Paul van Donkelaar |
| author_sort | Jonathan David Smirl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectivesThere is elevated unease regarding how repetitive head impacts, such as those associated with soccer heading, contribute to alterations in brain function. This study examined the extent heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) metrics are altered immediately following an acute bout of soccer heading.MethodsSeven male elite soccer players (24.1 ± 1.5 years) completed 40 successful soccer headers in 20-min. The headers were performed under controlled circumstances using a soccer ball launcher located 25 meters away and using an initial ball velocity of 77.5 ± 3.7 km/h (heading condition). An accelerometer (xPatch) on the right mastoid process quantified linear/rotational head accelerations. Participants also completed sham (body contact) and control (non-contact) sessions. A three-lead ECG and finger photoplethysmography characterized short-term spontaneous HRV/cardiac BRS, before and after each condition. The SCAT3 indexed symptom scores pre-post exposures to all three conditions.ResultsDuring the heading condition, cumulative linear and rotational accelerations experienced were 1,574 ± 97.9 g and 313,761 ± 23,966 rad/s2, respectively. Heart rate trended toward an increase from pre- to post-heading (p = 0.063), however HRV metrics in the time-domain (ps > 0.260) and frequency-domain (ps > 0.327) as well as cardiac BRS (ps > 0.144) were not significantly changed following all three conditions. Following the heading condition, SCAT3 symptom severity increased (p = 0.030) with a trend for symptom score augmentation (p = 0.078) compared to control and sham.ConclusionWhereas, symptoms as measured by the SCAT3 were induced following an acute bout of controlled soccer heading, these preliminary findings indicate they were not accompanied by alterations to autonomic function. Ultimately, this demonstrates further research is needed to understand the physiological underpinnings of alterations in brain function occurring immediately after a bout of soccer heading and how these may, over time, contribute to long-term neurological impairments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:48:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99b2e034fb10478cbf2079ddf19d4b6a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2295 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T13:48:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Neurology |
| spelling | doaj.art-99b2e034fb10478cbf2079ddf19d4b6a2022-12-22T04:20:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neurology1664-22952022-11-011310.3389/fneur.2022.980938980938Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigationJonathan David Smirl0Jonathan David Smirl1Jonathan David Smirl2Jonathan David Smirl3Jonathan David Smirl4Jonathan David Smirl5Jonathan David Smirl6Jonathan David Smirl7Dakota Peacock8Dakota Peacock9Joel Stephen Burma10Joel Stephen Burma11Joel Stephen Burma12Joel Stephen Burma13Joel Stephen Burma14Joel Stephen Burma15Joel Stephen Burma16Joel Stephen Burma17Alexander D. Wright18Alexander D. Wright19Alexander D. Wright20Alexander D. Wright21Kevin J. Bouliane22Jill Dierijck23Jill Dierijck24Paul van Donkelaar25Concussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, CanadaFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaSport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHuman Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaIntegrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaAlberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaLibin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaSouthern Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada0Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, CanadaConcussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, CanadaFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaSport Injury Prevention Research Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaHuman Performance Laboratory, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaFaculty of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaIntegrated Concussion Research Program, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaAlberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaLibin Cardiovascular Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, CanadaConcussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, CanadaSouthern Medical Program, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada1University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada2Experimental Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CanadaConcussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, CanadaConcussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, Canada3School of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, CanadaConcussion Research Lab, University of British Columbia, Kelowna, BC, CanadaObjectivesThere is elevated unease regarding how repetitive head impacts, such as those associated with soccer heading, contribute to alterations in brain function. This study examined the extent heart rate variability (HRV) and cardiac baroreceptor sensitivity (BRS) metrics are altered immediately following an acute bout of soccer heading.MethodsSeven male elite soccer players (24.1 ± 1.5 years) completed 40 successful soccer headers in 20-min. The headers were performed under controlled circumstances using a soccer ball launcher located 25 meters away and using an initial ball velocity of 77.5 ± 3.7 km/h (heading condition). An accelerometer (xPatch) on the right mastoid process quantified linear/rotational head accelerations. Participants also completed sham (body contact) and control (non-contact) sessions. A three-lead ECG and finger photoplethysmography characterized short-term spontaneous HRV/cardiac BRS, before and after each condition. The SCAT3 indexed symptom scores pre-post exposures to all three conditions.ResultsDuring the heading condition, cumulative linear and rotational accelerations experienced were 1,574 ± 97.9 g and 313,761 ± 23,966 rad/s2, respectively. Heart rate trended toward an increase from pre- to post-heading (p = 0.063), however HRV metrics in the time-domain (ps > 0.260) and frequency-domain (ps > 0.327) as well as cardiac BRS (ps > 0.144) were not significantly changed following all three conditions. Following the heading condition, SCAT3 symptom severity increased (p = 0.030) with a trend for symptom score augmentation (p = 0.078) compared to control and sham.ConclusionWhereas, symptoms as measured by the SCAT3 were induced following an acute bout of controlled soccer heading, these preliminary findings indicate they were not accompanied by alterations to autonomic function. Ultimately, this demonstrates further research is needed to understand the physiological underpinnings of alterations in brain function occurring immediately after a bout of soccer heading and how these may, over time, contribute to long-term neurological impairments.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.980938/fullrepetitive football/soccer headingheart rate variabilityautonomic functionsub-concussive impactssport concussion assessment tool 3SCAT3 |
| spellingShingle | Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Jonathan David Smirl Dakota Peacock Dakota Peacock Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Joel Stephen Burma Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Alexander D. Wright Kevin J. Bouliane Jill Dierijck Jill Dierijck Paul van Donkelaar Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation Frontiers in Neurology repetitive football/soccer heading heart rate variability autonomic function sub-concussive impacts sport concussion assessment tool 3 SCAT3 |
| title | Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation |
| title_full | Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation |
| title_fullStr | Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation |
| title_short | Repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics: A preliminary investigation |
| title_sort | repetitive bout of controlled soccer heading does not alter heart rate variability metrics a preliminary investigation |
| topic | repetitive football/soccer heading heart rate variability autonomic function sub-concussive impacts sport concussion assessment tool 3 SCAT3 |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2022.980938/full |
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