<i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action
<i>Beet curly top Iran virus</i> (BCTIV) is a yield-limiting geminivirus belonging to the <i>becurtovirus</i> genus. The genome organization of BCTIV is unique such that the complementary strand of BCTIV resembles <i>Mastrevirus</i>, whereas the virion strand orga...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-09-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/10/1996 |
| _version_ | 1827719719445069824 |
|---|---|
| author | Saeideh Ebrahimi Omid Eini Alexandra Baßler Arvid Hanke Zeynep Yildirim Michael Wassenegger Gabi Krczal Veli Vural Uslu |
| author_facet | Saeideh Ebrahimi Omid Eini Alexandra Baßler Arvid Hanke Zeynep Yildirim Michael Wassenegger Gabi Krczal Veli Vural Uslu |
| author_sort | Saeideh Ebrahimi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Beet curly top Iran virus</i> (BCTIV) is a yield-limiting geminivirus belonging to the <i>becurtovirus</i> genus. The genome organization of BCTIV is unique such that the complementary strand of BCTIV resembles <i>Mastrevirus</i>, whereas the virion strand organization is similar to the <i>Curtovirus</i> genus. Geminiviruses are known to avoid the plant defense system by suppressing the RNA interference mechanisms both at the transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) levels. Multiple geminivirus genes have been identified as viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSR) but VSR activity remains mostly elusive in becurtoviruses. We found that BCTIV-V2 and -Rep could suppress specific Sense-PTGS mechanisms with distinct efficiencies depending on the nature of the silencing inducer and the target gene. Local silencing induced by GFP inverted repeat (IR) could not be suppressed by V2 but was partially reduced by Rep. Accordingly, we documented that Rep but not V2 could suppress systemic silencing induced by GFP-IR. In addition, we showed that the VSR activity of Rep was partly regulated by RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase 6 (RDR6), whereas the VSR activity of V2 was independent of RDR6. Domain mapping for Rep showed that an intact Rep protein was required for the suppression of PTGS. In summary, we showed that BCTIV-Rep and -V2 function as silencing suppressors with distinct modes of action. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:50:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99bccc5098fc481cbb9d006c5abf6364 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:50:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-99bccc5098fc481cbb9d006c5abf63642023-11-19T18:26:37ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152023-09-011510199610.3390/v15101996<i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of ActionSaeideh Ebrahimi0Omid Eini1Alexandra Baßler2Arvid Hanke3Zeynep Yildirim4Michael Wassenegger5Gabi Krczal6Veli Vural Uslu7RLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyDepartment of Plant Protection, University of Zanjan, Zanjan 313, IranRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, GermanyRLP AgroScience GmbH, Breitenweg 71, 67435 Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Germany<i>Beet curly top Iran virus</i> (BCTIV) is a yield-limiting geminivirus belonging to the <i>becurtovirus</i> genus. The genome organization of BCTIV is unique such that the complementary strand of BCTIV resembles <i>Mastrevirus</i>, whereas the virion strand organization is similar to the <i>Curtovirus</i> genus. Geminiviruses are known to avoid the plant defense system by suppressing the RNA interference mechanisms both at the transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) and post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) levels. Multiple geminivirus genes have been identified as viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSR) but VSR activity remains mostly elusive in becurtoviruses. We found that BCTIV-V2 and -Rep could suppress specific Sense-PTGS mechanisms with distinct efficiencies depending on the nature of the silencing inducer and the target gene. Local silencing induced by GFP inverted repeat (IR) could not be suppressed by V2 but was partially reduced by Rep. Accordingly, we documented that Rep but not V2 could suppress systemic silencing induced by GFP-IR. In addition, we showed that the VSR activity of Rep was partly regulated by RNA-dependent RNA Polymerase 6 (RDR6), whereas the VSR activity of V2 was independent of RDR6. Domain mapping for Rep showed that an intact Rep protein was required for the suppression of PTGS. In summary, we showed that BCTIV-Rep and -V2 function as silencing suppressors with distinct modes of action.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/10/1996BCTIVVSRRepV2RNAiRDR6 |
| spellingShingle | Saeideh Ebrahimi Omid Eini Alexandra Baßler Arvid Hanke Zeynep Yildirim Michael Wassenegger Gabi Krczal Veli Vural Uslu <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action Viruses BCTIV VSR Rep V2 RNAi RDR6 |
| title | <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action |
| title_full | <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action |
| title_fullStr | <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action |
| title_short | <i>Beet Curly Top Iran Virus</i> Rep and V2 Suppress Post-Transcriptional Gene Silencing via Distinct Modes of Action |
| title_sort | i beet curly top iran virus i rep and v2 suppress post transcriptional gene silencing via distinct modes of action |
| topic | BCTIV VSR Rep V2 RNAi RDR6 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/15/10/1996 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT saeidehebrahimi ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT omideini ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT alexandrabaßler ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT arvidhanke ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT zeynepyildirim ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT michaelwassenegger ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT gabikrczal ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction AT velivuraluslu ibeetcurlytopiranvirusirepandv2suppressposttranscriptionalgenesilencingviadistinctmodesofaction |