Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment
The deterioration of anhydrite rock exposed to a freeze–thaw environment is a complex process. Therefore, this paper systematically investigated the physical and mechanical evolutions of freeze–thawed anhydrite rock through a series of multi-scale laboratory tests. Meanwhile, the correlation between...
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/726 |
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| author | Xiaoguang Jin Chao Hou Jie He Daniel Dias |
| author_facet | Xiaoguang Jin Chao Hou Jie He Daniel Dias |
| author_sort | Xiaoguang Jin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The deterioration of anhydrite rock exposed to a freeze–thaw environment is a complex process. Therefore, this paper systematically investigated the physical and mechanical evolutions of freeze–thawed anhydrite rock through a series of multi-scale laboratory tests. Meanwhile, the correlation between pore structure and macroscopic mechanical parameters was discussed, and the deterioration mechanisms of anhydrite rock under freeze–thaw cycles were revealed. The results show that with the increase in freeze–thaw processes, the mechanical strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, proportions of micropores (r ≤ 0.1 μm), and PT-Ipore throat (0–0.1 μm) decrease exponentially. In comparison, the mass variation, proportions of mesopores (0.1 μm < r < 1 μm), macropores (r ≥ 1 μm), and PT-II pore throat (0.1–4 μm) increase exponentially. After 120 cycles, the mean porosity increases by 66.27%, and there is a significant honeycomb and pitted surface phenomenon. Meanwhile, as the freeze–thaw cycles increase, the frost resistance coefficient decreases, while the damage variable increases. The correlation analysis between pore structure and macroscopic mechanical parameters shows that macropores play the most significant role in the mechanical characteristic deterioration of freeze–thawed anhydrite rock. Finally, it is revealed that the water–rock expansion and water dissolution effects play a crucial role in the multi-scale damage of anhydrite rock under the freeze–thaw environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99c1a2c226e545d2becc209fceadce69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T03:52:54Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-99c1a2c226e545d2becc209fceadce692024-02-09T15:17:53ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-02-0117372610.3390/ma17030726Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw EnvironmentXiaoguang Jin0Chao Hou1Jie He2Daniel Dias3Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area of the Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, ChinaLaboratory 3SR, Grenoble Alpes University, CNRS UMR 5521, 38000 Grenoble, FranceThe deterioration of anhydrite rock exposed to a freeze–thaw environment is a complex process. Therefore, this paper systematically investigated the physical and mechanical evolutions of freeze–thawed anhydrite rock through a series of multi-scale laboratory tests. Meanwhile, the correlation between pore structure and macroscopic mechanical parameters was discussed, and the deterioration mechanisms of anhydrite rock under freeze–thaw cycles were revealed. The results show that with the increase in freeze–thaw processes, the mechanical strength, elastic modulus, cohesion, proportions of micropores (r ≤ 0.1 μm), and PT-Ipore throat (0–0.1 μm) decrease exponentially. In comparison, the mass variation, proportions of mesopores (0.1 μm < r < 1 μm), macropores (r ≥ 1 μm), and PT-II pore throat (0.1–4 μm) increase exponentially. After 120 cycles, the mean porosity increases by 66.27%, and there is a significant honeycomb and pitted surface phenomenon. Meanwhile, as the freeze–thaw cycles increase, the frost resistance coefficient decreases, while the damage variable increases. The correlation analysis between pore structure and macroscopic mechanical parameters shows that macropores play the most significant role in the mechanical characteristic deterioration of freeze–thawed anhydrite rock. Finally, it is revealed that the water–rock expansion and water dissolution effects play a crucial role in the multi-scale damage of anhydrite rock under the freeze–thaw environment.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/726freeze–thaw cyclesphysical and mechanical propertiesmulti-scaledeterioration mechanismsanhydrite rock |
| spellingShingle | Xiaoguang Jin Chao Hou Jie He Daniel Dias Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment Materials freeze–thaw cycles physical and mechanical properties multi-scale deterioration mechanisms anhydrite rock |
| title | Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment |
| title_full | Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment |
| title_fullStr | Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment |
| title_short | Investigation of the Multi-Scale Deterioration Mechanisms of Anhydrite Rock Exposed to Freeze–Thaw Environment |
| title_sort | investigation of the multi scale deterioration mechanisms of anhydrite rock exposed to freeze thaw environment |
| topic | freeze–thaw cycles physical and mechanical properties multi-scale deterioration mechanisms anhydrite rock |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/3/726 |
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