Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs
Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL), are abundant throughout lactation and at much higher concentrations than are present in bovine milk or infant formulas. Previous studies have suggested that sialylated HMO may have neurocogni...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1337897/full |
| _version_ | 1797359984598581248 |
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| author | Rebecca K. Golden Loretta T. Sutkus Sharon M. Donovan Sharon M. Donovan Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger |
| author_facet | Rebecca K. Golden Loretta T. Sutkus Sharon M. Donovan Sharon M. Donovan Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger |
| author_sort | Rebecca K. Golden |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL), are abundant throughout lactation and at much higher concentrations than are present in bovine milk or infant formulas. Previous studies have suggested that sialylated HMO may have neurocognitive benefits in early life. Recent research has focused on infant formula supplementation with key nutrients and bioactives to narrow the developmental gap between formula-fed and breastfed infants. Herein, we investigated the impact of supplemental 3′-SL or 6′-SL on cognitive and brain development at two time-points [postnatal days (PND) 33 and 61]. Two-day-old piglets (N = 75) were randomly assigned to commercial milk replacer ad libitum without or with 3′-SL or 6′-SL (added in a powdered form at a rate of 0.2673% on an as-is weight basis). Cognitive development was assessed via novel object recognition and results were not significant at both time-points (p > 0.05). Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess structural brain development. Results varied between scan type, diet, and time-point. A main effect of diet was observed for absolute volume of white matter and 9 other regions of interest (ROI), as well as for relative volume of the pons on PND 30 (p < 0.05). Similar effects were observed on PND 58. Diffusion tensor imaging indicated minimal differences on PND 30 (p > 0.05). However, several dietary differences across the diffusion outcomes were observed on PND 58 (p < 0.05) indicating dietary impacts on brain microstructure. Minimal dietary differences were observed from myelin water fraction imaging at either time-point. Overall, sialyllactose supplementation had no effects on learning and memory as assessed by novel object recognition, but may influence temporally-dependent aspects of brain development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:31:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99c5e6bacf214910a9c1e19dbb95bed5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5153 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:31:48Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-99c5e6bacf214910a9c1e19dbb95bed52024-01-10T04:24:42ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience1662-51532024-01-011710.3389/fnbeh.2023.13378971337897Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigsRebecca K. Golden0Loretta T. Sutkus1Sharon M. Donovan2Sharon M. Donovan3Ryan N. Dilger4Ryan N. Dilger5Ryan N. Dilger6Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesNeuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesDivision of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesNeuroscience Program, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesDivision of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesDepartment of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, United StatesSialylated human milk oligosaccharides (HMO), such as 3′-sialyllactose (3′-SL) and 6′-sialyllactose (6′-SL), are abundant throughout lactation and at much higher concentrations than are present in bovine milk or infant formulas. Previous studies have suggested that sialylated HMO may have neurocognitive benefits in early life. Recent research has focused on infant formula supplementation with key nutrients and bioactives to narrow the developmental gap between formula-fed and breastfed infants. Herein, we investigated the impact of supplemental 3′-SL or 6′-SL on cognitive and brain development at two time-points [postnatal days (PND) 33 and 61]. Two-day-old piglets (N = 75) were randomly assigned to commercial milk replacer ad libitum without or with 3′-SL or 6′-SL (added in a powdered form at a rate of 0.2673% on an as-is weight basis). Cognitive development was assessed via novel object recognition and results were not significant at both time-points (p > 0.05). Magnetic resonance imaging was used to assess structural brain development. Results varied between scan type, diet, and time-point. A main effect of diet was observed for absolute volume of white matter and 9 other regions of interest (ROI), as well as for relative volume of the pons on PND 30 (p < 0.05). Similar effects were observed on PND 58. Diffusion tensor imaging indicated minimal differences on PND 30 (p > 0.05). However, several dietary differences across the diffusion outcomes were observed on PND 58 (p < 0.05) indicating dietary impacts on brain microstructure. Minimal dietary differences were observed from myelin water fraction imaging at either time-point. Overall, sialyllactose supplementation had no effects on learning and memory as assessed by novel object recognition, but may influence temporally-dependent aspects of brain development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1337897/fullcognitionbrain developmentMRIsialic acid3′-sialyllactose6′-sialyllactose |
| spellingShingle | Rebecca K. Golden Loretta T. Sutkus Sharon M. Donovan Sharon M. Donovan Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger Ryan N. Dilger Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience cognition brain development MRI sialic acid 3′-sialyllactose 6′-sialyllactose |
| title | Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| title_full | Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| title_fullStr | Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| title_short | Dietary supplementation of 3′-sialyllactose or 6′-sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| title_sort | dietary supplementation of 3 sialyllactose or 6 sialyllactose elicits minimal influence on cognitive and brain development in growing pigs |
| topic | cognition brain development MRI sialic acid 3′-sialyllactose 6′-sialyllactose |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnbeh.2023.1337897/full |
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