Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS
BackgroundTrans fatty acids (TFAs) are unsaturated fatty acids, with vaccenic acid (VA) and elaidic acid (EA) being the major constituents. While VA has been associated with beneficial effects on health and anti-cancer properties, EA is found in hardened vegetable oils and is linked to an increased...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1320550/full |
| _version_ | 1797362481417420800 |
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| author | Miyoung Yoo Hyun Jeong Lee Kwang-Won Lee Dongwon Seo |
| author_facet | Miyoung Yoo Hyun Jeong Lee Kwang-Won Lee Dongwon Seo |
| author_sort | Miyoung Yoo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundTrans fatty acids (TFAs) are unsaturated fatty acids, with vaccenic acid (VA) and elaidic acid (EA) being the major constituents. While VA has been associated with beneficial effects on health and anti-cancer properties, EA is found in hardened vegetable oils and is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a novel method for the quantitative measurement of VA and EA, aiming to accurately analyze individual TFA and apply it for the assessment of products containing TFAs.MethodsThe ratio of VA to EA (V/E ratio) was evaluated using a silver ion cartridge (SIC) solid phase extraction method removing cis-fatty acids (cis-FAs). Additionally, comparative analysis of the V/E ratio was conducted by the two methods (SIC treatment and untreated) using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS).ResultsThe removal efficiency of cis-FAs was greater than 97.8%. However, the total TFA contents were not so different from SIC treatment. Moreover, this approach not only allowed for a more precise determination of the V/E ratio but also revealed a significant distinction between natural trans fatty acids (N-TFAs) and hydrogenated trans fatty acids (H-TFAs).ConclusionTherefore, the SIC coupled to the GC × GC-TOFMS presented in this study could be applied to discriminate N-TFA and H-TFA contents in dairy and fatty foods. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:08:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99d171a0f0ed4d38bb2ffeff2c241b7f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:08:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-99d171a0f0ed4d38bb2ffeff2c241b7f2024-01-08T04:41:49ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2024-01-011010.3389/fnut.2023.13205501320550Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMSMiyoung Yoo0Hyun Jeong Lee1Kwang-Won Lee2Dongwon Seo3Food Standard Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of KoreaFood Standard Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, Republic of KoreaFood Analysis Research Center, Korea Food Research Institute, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of KoreaBackgroundTrans fatty acids (TFAs) are unsaturated fatty acids, with vaccenic acid (VA) and elaidic acid (EA) being the major constituents. While VA has been associated with beneficial effects on health and anti-cancer properties, EA is found in hardened vegetable oils and is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a novel method for the quantitative measurement of VA and EA, aiming to accurately analyze individual TFA and apply it for the assessment of products containing TFAs.MethodsThe ratio of VA to EA (V/E ratio) was evaluated using a silver ion cartridge (SIC) solid phase extraction method removing cis-fatty acids (cis-FAs). Additionally, comparative analysis of the V/E ratio was conducted by the two methods (SIC treatment and untreated) using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography combined with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS).ResultsThe removal efficiency of cis-FAs was greater than 97.8%. However, the total TFA contents were not so different from SIC treatment. Moreover, this approach not only allowed for a more precise determination of the V/E ratio but also revealed a significant distinction between natural trans fatty acids (N-TFAs) and hydrogenated trans fatty acids (H-TFAs).ConclusionTherefore, the SIC coupled to the GC × GC-TOFMS presented in this study could be applied to discriminate N-TFA and H-TFA contents in dairy and fatty foods.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1320550/fullVaccenic acidelaidic acidsilver ion cartridgeGC × GC-TOFMStrans fatty acids |
| spellingShingle | Miyoung Yoo Hyun Jeong Lee Kwang-Won Lee Dongwon Seo Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS Frontiers in Nutrition Vaccenic acid elaidic acid silver ion cartridge GC × GC-TOFMS trans fatty acids |
| title | Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS |
| title_full | Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS |
| title_short | Analysis of Vaccenic and Elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to GC × GC-TOFMS |
| title_sort | analysis of vaccenic and elaidic acid in foods using a silver ion cartridge applied to gc gc tofms |
| topic | Vaccenic acid elaidic acid silver ion cartridge GC × GC-TOFMS trans fatty acids |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2023.1320550/full |
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