Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective
In recent years, the immune system has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor development, progression and dissemination. Advanced therapeutic approaches targeting immune cells are currently under clinical use and improvement for the treatment of patients affected by advanced malignancies. Among t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/510 |
| _version_ | 1797488861738172416 |
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| author | Augusto Bleve Francesca Maria Consonni Chiara Porta Valentina Garlatti Antonio Sica |
| author_facet | Augusto Bleve Francesca Maria Consonni Chiara Porta Valentina Garlatti Antonio Sica |
| author_sort | Augusto Bleve |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In recent years, the immune system has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor development, progression and dissemination. Advanced therapeutic approaches targeting immune cells are currently under clinical use and improvement for the treatment of patients affected by advanced malignancies. Among these, anti-PD1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the most effective immunotherapeutic drugs at present. In spite of these advances, great variability in responses to therapy exists among patients, probably due to the heterogeneity of both cancer cells and immune responses, which manifest in diverse forms in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The variability of the immune profile within TME and its prognostic significance largely depend on the frequency of the infiltrating myeloid cells, which often represent the predominant population, characterized by high phenotypic heterogeneity. The generation of heterogeneous myeloid populations endowed with tumor-promoting activities is typically promoted by growing tumors, indicating the sequential levels of myeloid reprogramming as possible antitumor targets. This work reviews the current knowledge on the events governing protumoral myelopoiesis, analyzing the mechanisms that drive the expansion of major myeloid subsets, as well as their functional properties, and highlighting recent translational strategies for clinical developments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:08:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99d5c1402c8640b0aa81679b73d120c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:08:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-99d5c1402c8640b0aa81679b73d120c82023-11-23T16:04:03ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942022-01-0114351010.3390/cancers14030510Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational PerspectiveAugusto Bleve0Francesca Maria Consonni1Chiara Porta2Valentina Garlatti3Antonio Sica4Humanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, ItalyDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale “Amedeo Avogadro”, 28100 Novara, ItalyHumanitas Clinical and Research Center—IRCCS, 20089 Rozzano, ItalyIn recent years, the immune system has emerged as a critical regulator of tumor development, progression and dissemination. Advanced therapeutic approaches targeting immune cells are currently under clinical use and improvement for the treatment of patients affected by advanced malignancies. Among these, anti-PD1/PD-L1 and anti-CTLA4 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are the most effective immunotherapeutic drugs at present. In spite of these advances, great variability in responses to therapy exists among patients, probably due to the heterogeneity of both cancer cells and immune responses, which manifest in diverse forms in the tumor microenvironment (TME). The variability of the immune profile within TME and its prognostic significance largely depend on the frequency of the infiltrating myeloid cells, which often represent the predominant population, characterized by high phenotypic heterogeneity. The generation of heterogeneous myeloid populations endowed with tumor-promoting activities is typically promoted by growing tumors, indicating the sequential levels of myeloid reprogramming as possible antitumor targets. This work reviews the current knowledge on the events governing protumoral myelopoiesis, analyzing the mechanisms that drive the expansion of major myeloid subsets, as well as their functional properties, and highlighting recent translational strategies for clinical developments.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/510innate immunitytumor-associated myeloid cellstumor-associated macrophages (TAMs)myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs)tumor microenvironmentcancer immunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Augusto Bleve Francesca Maria Consonni Chiara Porta Valentina Garlatti Antonio Sica Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective Cancers innate immunity tumor-associated myeloid cells tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) tumor microenvironment cancer immunotherapy |
| title | Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective |
| title_full | Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective |
| title_fullStr | Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective |
| title_short | Evolution and Targeting of Myeloid Suppressor Cells in Cancer: A Translational Perspective |
| title_sort | evolution and targeting of myeloid suppressor cells in cancer a translational perspective |
| topic | innate immunity tumor-associated myeloid cells tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) tumor microenvironment cancer immunotherapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/14/3/510 |
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