Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease
Besides genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors, the intestinal microbiota is an important factor in the etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). Among microbiota alterations, a particular pathotype of <i>Escherichia coli</i> involved in the pathogenesis of CD abnormally colonizes the i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/10/3734 |
| _version_ | 1797567032264228864 |
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| author | Mélissa Chervy Nicolas Barnich Jérémy Denizot |
| author_facet | Mélissa Chervy Nicolas Barnich Jérémy Denizot |
| author_sort | Mélissa Chervy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Besides genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors, the intestinal microbiota is an important factor in the etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). Among microbiota alterations, a particular pathotype of <i>Escherichia coli</i> involved in the pathogenesis of CD abnormally colonizes the intestinal mucosa of patients: the adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> (AIEC) pathobiont bacteria, which have the abilities to adhere to and to invade intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), as well as to survive and replicate within macrophages. AIEC have been the subject of many studies in recent years to unveil some genes linked to AIEC virulence and to understand the impact of AIEC infection on the gut and consequently their involvement in CD. In this review, we describe the lifestyle of AIEC bacteria within the intestine, from the interaction with intestinal epithelial and immune cells with an emphasis on environmental and genetic factors favoring their implantation, to their lifestyle in the intestinal lumen. Finally, we discuss AIEC-targeting strategies such as the use of FimH antagonists, bacteriophages, or antibiotics, which could constitute therapeutic options to prevent and limit AIEC colonization in CD patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:35:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99dd4b5bba8b464898db16dc1f2c64d9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:35:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-99dd4b5bba8b464898db16dc1f2c64d92023-11-20T01:42:46ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-05-012110373410.3390/ijms21103734Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s DiseaseMélissa Chervy0Nicolas Barnich1Jérémy Denizot2Université Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceUniversité Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceUniversité Clermont Auvergne, Inserm U1071, USC-INRAE 2018, Microbes, Intestin, Inflammation et Susceptibilité de l’Hôte (M2iSH), 63001 Clermont-Ferrand, FranceBesides genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors, the intestinal microbiota is an important factor in the etiology of Crohn’s disease (CD). Among microbiota alterations, a particular pathotype of <i>Escherichia coli</i> involved in the pathogenesis of CD abnormally colonizes the intestinal mucosa of patients: the adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> (AIEC) pathobiont bacteria, which have the abilities to adhere to and to invade intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), as well as to survive and replicate within macrophages. AIEC have been the subject of many studies in recent years to unveil some genes linked to AIEC virulence and to understand the impact of AIEC infection on the gut and consequently their involvement in CD. In this review, we describe the lifestyle of AIEC bacteria within the intestine, from the interaction with intestinal epithelial and immune cells with an emphasis on environmental and genetic factors favoring their implantation, to their lifestyle in the intestinal lumen. Finally, we discuss AIEC-targeting strategies such as the use of FimH antagonists, bacteriophages, or antibiotics, which could constitute therapeutic options to prevent and limit AIEC colonization in CD patients.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/10/3734Crohn’s diseaseadherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i>AIEC-host interactionvirulence geneintestinal environmentAIEC-targeting therapy |
| spellingShingle | Mélissa Chervy Nicolas Barnich Jérémy Denizot Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences Crohn’s disease adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> AIEC-host interaction virulence gene intestinal environment AIEC-targeting therapy |
| title | Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease |
| title_full | Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease |
| title_fullStr | Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease |
| title_short | Adherent-Invasive <i>E. coli</i>: Update on the Lifestyle of a Troublemaker in Crohn’s Disease |
| title_sort | adherent invasive i e coli i update on the lifestyle of a troublemaker in crohn s disease |
| topic | Crohn’s disease adherent-invasive <i>Escherichia coli</i> AIEC-host interaction virulence gene intestinal environment AIEC-targeting therapy |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/10/3734 |
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