Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions
The influence of catalysts and operating conditions on the conversion and yield of bio-crude oil from CP via the hydrothermal liquefaction technique (HTL) were studied. HTL is commonly used to convert CP to bio-crude oil (BCO). Three independent factors—reaction temperatures (250–350 °C), reaction t...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Diponegoro University
2020-10-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Renewable Energy Development |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/29556 |
| _version_ | 1797449849246842880 |
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| author | Thanakrit Nonchana Kulachate Pianthong |
| author_facet | Thanakrit Nonchana Kulachate Pianthong |
| author_sort | Thanakrit Nonchana |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The influence of catalysts and operating conditions on the conversion and yield of bio-crude oil from CP via the hydrothermal liquefaction technique (HTL) were studied. HTL is commonly used to convert CP to bio-crude oil (BCO). Three independent factors—reaction temperatures (250–350 °C), reaction times (30–90 min), and CP concentrations (5–20 wt.%)—were investigated. Proximate analysis showed that CP comprises 84.61% volatile matter and 13.59% fixed carbon. The ultimate analysis demonstrated that CP has carbon and oxygen levels of 44.86% and 46.91%, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that CP begins to decompose at temperatures between 250–350 °C. The results show that KOH is the most suitable catalyst because it provides the highest BCO yield when compared to other catalysts under the same operating conditions. We found that the ideal operating conditions for maximizing BCO performance are 250 °C, pressure of 17.0 MPa, 90 min, 5 wt.%. Under these conditions, Fourier transforms infrared analysis showed that the most abundant chemical bonds found in BCO were CH3-O, CH3-C, and CH3. The findings of the CHNS analysis showed that BCO has an H/C ratio of 2.25, similar to that of petroleum and bio-diesel. Results from a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer indicate that a fatty acid group is the main component of BCO. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:30:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99df970fdb26404b8589e5fefa838bac |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2252-4940 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:30:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | Diponegoro University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Renewable Energy Development |
| spelling | doaj.art-99df970fdb26404b8589e5fefa838bac2023-11-28T02:08:35ZengDiponegoro UniversityInternational Journal of Renewable Energy Development2252-49402020-10-019332933710.14710/ijred.9.3.329-33716679Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditionsThanakrit Nonchana0Kulachate Pianthong1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathonlamark Road, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand, 34190, ThailandDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ubon Ratchathani University, 85 Sathonlamark Road, Warin Chamrap District, Ubon Ratchathani Province, Thailand, 34190, ThailandThe influence of catalysts and operating conditions on the conversion and yield of bio-crude oil from CP via the hydrothermal liquefaction technique (HTL) were studied. HTL is commonly used to convert CP to bio-crude oil (BCO). Three independent factors—reaction temperatures (250–350 °C), reaction times (30–90 min), and CP concentrations (5–20 wt.%)—were investigated. Proximate analysis showed that CP comprises 84.61% volatile matter and 13.59% fixed carbon. The ultimate analysis demonstrated that CP has carbon and oxygen levels of 44.86% and 46.91%, respectively. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that CP begins to decompose at temperatures between 250–350 °C. The results show that KOH is the most suitable catalyst because it provides the highest BCO yield when compared to other catalysts under the same operating conditions. We found that the ideal operating conditions for maximizing BCO performance are 250 °C, pressure of 17.0 MPa, 90 min, 5 wt.%. Under these conditions, Fourier transforms infrared analysis showed that the most abundant chemical bonds found in BCO were CH3-O, CH3-C, and CH3. The findings of the CHNS analysis showed that BCO has an H/C ratio of 2.25, similar to that of petroleum and bio-diesel. Results from a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer indicate that a fatty acid group is the main component of BCO.https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/29556cassava pulphydrothermal liquefactionbio—crude oilbio-oil synthesisresponse surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Thanakrit Nonchana Kulachate Pianthong Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions International Journal of Renewable Energy Development cassava pulp hydrothermal liquefaction bio—crude oil bio-oil synthesis response surface methodology |
| title | Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| title_full | Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| title_fullStr | Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| title_short | Bio-oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction: Effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| title_sort | bio oil synthesis from cassava pulp via hydrothermal liquefaction effects of catalysts and operating conditions |
| topic | cassava pulp hydrothermal liquefaction bio—crude oil bio-oil synthesis response surface methodology |
| url | https://ijred.cbiore.id/index.php/ijred/article/view/29556 |
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