Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions
The microwave properties of epoxy composites filled with 30 wt.% of BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> (0.1 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1.2) and with 1 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated i...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2873 |
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| author | Olena S. Yakovenko Lyudmila Yu. Matzui Ludmila L. Vovchenko Victor V. Oliynyk Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii Sergei V. Trukhanov Alex V. Trukhanov |
| author_facet | Olena S. Yakovenko Lyudmila Yu. Matzui Ludmila L. Vovchenko Victor V. Oliynyk Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii Sergei V. Trukhanov Alex V. Trukhanov |
| author_sort | Olena S. Yakovenko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The microwave properties of epoxy composites filled with 30 wt.% of BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> (0.1 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1.2) and with 1 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated in the frequency range 36–55 GHz. A sufficient increase in the microwave shielding efficiency was found for ternary 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites compared with binary 1% CNT/epoxy and 30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy due to the complementary contributions of dielectric and magnetic losses. Thus, the addition of only 1 wt.% of CNTs along with 30 wt.% of barium hexaferrite into epoxy resin increased the frequency range where electromagnetic radiation is intensely attenuated. A correlation between the cation Ga<sup>3+</sup> concentration in the BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> filler and amplitude–frequency characteristics of the natural ferromagnetic resonance (NFMR) in 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites was determined. Higher values of the resonance frequency <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (51.8–52.4 GHz) and weaker dependence of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> on the Ga<sup>3+</sup> concentration were observed compared with pressed polycrystalline BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 49.6–50.4 GHz). An increase in the NFMR amplitude on the applied magnetic field for both random and aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites was found. The frequency of NFMR was approximately constant in the range of the applied magnetic field, H = 0–5 kOe, for the random 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composite, and it slightly increased for the aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composite. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:13:05Z |
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| id | doaj.art-99e23e8a44454ad5af4b136eb9714bda |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:13:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
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| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-99e23e8a44454ad5af4b136eb9714bda2023-11-23T00:39:42ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912021-10-011111287310.3390/nano11112873Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler DistributionsOlena S. Yakovenko0Lyudmila Yu. Matzui1Ludmila L. Vovchenko2Victor V. Oliynyk3Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii4Sergei V. Trukhanov5Alex V. Trukhanov6Physics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, UkrainePhysics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, UkrainePhysics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, UkrainePhysics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, UkrainePhysics Department, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Volodymyrska Str. 64/13, 01601 Kyiv, UkraineDepartment of Technology of Electronics Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskii av., 4119049 Moscow, RussiaDepartment of Technology of Electronics Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISiS”, Leninskii av., 4119049 Moscow, RussiaThe microwave properties of epoxy composites filled with 30 wt.% of BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> (0.1 ≤ <i>x</i> ≤ 1.2) and with 1 wt.% of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were investigated in the frequency range 36–55 GHz. A sufficient increase in the microwave shielding efficiency was found for ternary 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites compared with binary 1% CNT/epoxy and 30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy due to the complementary contributions of dielectric and magnetic losses. Thus, the addition of only 1 wt.% of CNTs along with 30 wt.% of barium hexaferrite into epoxy resin increased the frequency range where electromagnetic radiation is intensely attenuated. A correlation between the cation Ga<sup>3+</sup> concentration in the BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> filler and amplitude–frequency characteristics of the natural ferromagnetic resonance (NFMR) in 1 wt.%CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites was determined. Higher values of the resonance frequency <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> (51.8–52.4 GHz) and weaker dependence of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> on the Ga<sup>3+</sup> concentration were observed compared with pressed polycrystalline BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub> (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>f</mi><mrow><mi>r</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> = 49.6–50.4 GHz). An increase in the NFMR amplitude on the applied magnetic field for both random and aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composites was found. The frequency of NFMR was approximately constant in the range of the applied magnetic field, H = 0–5 kOe, for the random 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composite, and it slightly increased for the aligned 1 wt.% CNT/30 wt.% BaFe<sub>12–<i>x</i></sub>Ga<i><sub>x</sub></i>O<sub>19</sub>/epoxy composite.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2873doped M-type hexaferritescarbon-based magnetodielectric nanocompositesmicrowave propertiesnatural ferromagnetic resonanceresonance frequency |
| spellingShingle | Olena S. Yakovenko Lyudmila Yu. Matzui Ludmila L. Vovchenko Victor V. Oliynyk Volodymyr V. Zagorodnii Sergei V. Trukhanov Alex V. Trukhanov Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions Nanomaterials doped M-type hexaferrites carbon-based magnetodielectric nanocomposites microwave properties natural ferromagnetic resonance resonance frequency |
| title | Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions |
| title_full | Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions |
| title_fullStr | Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions |
| title_short | Electromagnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotube/BaFe<sub>12−x</sub>Ga<sub>x</sub>O<sub>19</sub>/Epoxy Composites with Random and Oriented Filler Distributions |
| title_sort | electromagnetic properties of carbon nanotube bafe sub 12 x sub ga sub x sub o sub 19 sub epoxy composites with random and oriented filler distributions |
| topic | doped M-type hexaferrites carbon-based magnetodielectric nanocomposites microwave properties natural ferromagnetic resonance resonance frequency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/11/11/2873 |
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