| Sammanfattning: | Under supervision there were 151 men (age from 35 till 60 years) with diffuse hepatic diseases (97 with chronic hepatitis, 33 with liver cirrhosis, 21 with fatty liver disease). Alcohol liver disease (ALD) was determined in 66 men. Biochemical and instrumental studies, ultrasonic examination of liver, spleen as well as portal vessels were performed for determination stadia of disease. Moreover, liver biopsy was performed in 19 patients for verification of diagnosis. To all men were carried out inspections of structure-functional erythrocyte characteristics by methods of dielectrophoresis, thin-layer, gas chromatography, GC/MS system. Is experimentally established: rigidity, viscosity, electric conductivity of a membrane of erythrocytes, indexes of agregation and destruction are increased, but the amplitude of deformation of erythrocytes, polarizability are decreased in ALD. An abnormally high content of cholesterol, saturated fatty acids and low levels of total lipids, phospholipids, triglyceridies, ethers of cholesterol, unsaturated fatty acids were found in red cell membranes from patients with ALD. The molar ratio cholesterol/phospholipids was increased at the expense of decreased level of total phospholipids (fractions of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomieline). In patients with fatty liver disease, unidirectional changes in the spectrum of fatty acids in the membranes of erythrocytes and serum (increased level of saturated with decreasing unsaturated) were detected, associations with the manifestations of atherogenic dyslipidemia were established. Correlations between amplitude of deformation of erythrocytes, rigidity, viscosity, electric conductivity of a membrane of erythrocytes, polarizability, index of destruction and levels of total cholesterol, lysophospholipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids in red cells can be used as additional characteristics with a view of early diagnostics of alcoholic liver disease.
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