Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence
In the oral cavity Candida albicans interacts with many oral bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, both physically and metabolically. The aim of this in vitro study was to characterize these interactions and study their effects on the survival of P. gingivalis. First, metabolic interactions...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2024-06-01
|
| Series: | Biofilm |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207523000692 |
| _version_ | 1797376649873850368 |
|---|---|
| author | Caroline A. de Jongh Floris J. Bikker Teun J. de Vries Arie Werner Susan Gibbs Bastiaan P. Krom |
| author_facet | Caroline A. de Jongh Floris J. Bikker Teun J. de Vries Arie Werner Susan Gibbs Bastiaan P. Krom |
| author_sort | Caroline A. de Jongh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the oral cavity Candida albicans interacts with many oral bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, both physically and metabolically. The aim of this in vitro study was to characterize these interactions and study their effects on the survival of P. gingivalis. First, metabolic interactions were evaluated by counting the colony forming units (CFU) after co-culturing. The results indicated that the anaerobic bacterium P. gingivalis survives under aerobic conditions when co-cultured with C. albicans. This is due to the oxygen consumption by C. albicans as determined by a reduction in survival upon the addition of Antimycin A. By measuring the protease activity, it was found that the presence of C. albicans induced gingipain activity by P. gingivalis, which is an important virulence factor. Adherence of P. gingivalis to hyphae of C. albicans was observed with a dynamic flow system. Using various C. albicans mutants, it was shown that the mechanism of adhesion was mediated by the cell wall adhesins, members of the agglutinin-like sequence (Als) family: Als3 and Als1. Furthermore, the two microorganisms could be co-cultured into forming a biofilm in which P. gingivalis can survive under aerobic culturing conditions, which was imaged using scanning electron microscopy. This study has further elucidated mechanisms of interaction, virulence acquisition and survival of P. gingivalis when co-cultured with C. albicans. Such survival could be essential for the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis in the oxygen-rich niches of the oral cavity. This study has emphasized the importance of interaction between different microbes in promoting survival, virulence and attachment of pathogens, which could be essential in facilitating penetration into the environment of the host. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:41:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-99fb81b413ba4049907cbaf906487fb9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-2075 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T19:41:41Z |
| publishDate | 2024-06-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biofilm |
| spelling | doaj.art-99fb81b413ba4049907cbaf906487fb92023-12-25T04:07:13ZengElsevierBiofilm2590-20752024-06-017100172Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherenceCaroline A. de Jongh0Floris J. Bikker1Teun J. de Vries2Arie Werner3Susan Gibbs4Bastiaan P. Krom5Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Dental Materials Science, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the NetherlandsDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Corresponding author. Department of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.In the oral cavity Candida albicans interacts with many oral bacteria, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, both physically and metabolically. The aim of this in vitro study was to characterize these interactions and study their effects on the survival of P. gingivalis. First, metabolic interactions were evaluated by counting the colony forming units (CFU) after co-culturing. The results indicated that the anaerobic bacterium P. gingivalis survives under aerobic conditions when co-cultured with C. albicans. This is due to the oxygen consumption by C. albicans as determined by a reduction in survival upon the addition of Antimycin A. By measuring the protease activity, it was found that the presence of C. albicans induced gingipain activity by P. gingivalis, which is an important virulence factor. Adherence of P. gingivalis to hyphae of C. albicans was observed with a dynamic flow system. Using various C. albicans mutants, it was shown that the mechanism of adhesion was mediated by the cell wall adhesins, members of the agglutinin-like sequence (Als) family: Als3 and Als1. Furthermore, the two microorganisms could be co-cultured into forming a biofilm in which P. gingivalis can survive under aerobic culturing conditions, which was imaged using scanning electron microscopy. This study has further elucidated mechanisms of interaction, virulence acquisition and survival of P. gingivalis when co-cultured with C. albicans. Such survival could be essential for the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis in the oxygen-rich niches of the oral cavity. This study has emphasized the importance of interaction between different microbes in promoting survival, virulence and attachment of pathogens, which could be essential in facilitating penetration into the environment of the host.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207523000692Porphyromonas gingivalisCandida albicansSurvivalAdherenceGingipains |
| spellingShingle | Caroline A. de Jongh Floris J. Bikker Teun J. de Vries Arie Werner Susan Gibbs Bastiaan P. Krom Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence Biofilm Porphyromonas gingivalis Candida albicans Survival Adherence Gingipains |
| title | Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence |
| title_full | Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence |
| title_fullStr | Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence |
| title_full_unstemmed | Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence |
| title_short | Porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with Candida albicans allows for aerobic escape, virulence and adherence |
| title_sort | porphyromonas gingivalis interaction with candida albicans allows for aerobic escape virulence and adherence |
| topic | Porphyromonas gingivalis Candida albicans Survival Adherence Gingipains |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207523000692 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT carolineadejongh porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence AT florisjbikker porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence AT teunjdevries porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence AT ariewerner porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence AT susangibbs porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence AT bastiaanpkrom porphyromonasgingivalisinteractionwithcandidaalbicansallowsforaerobicescapevirulenceandadherence |