Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme
Abstract Background Clostridium perfringens type C induced necrotizing enteritis (NE) causes high mortality in newborn piglets. Immunization programs employing commercially available vaccines are used to prevent disease. Sows are vaccinated during every gestation period and piglets take up antibodie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Porcine Health Management |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40813-019-0127-8 |
| _version_ | 1828966249108865024 |
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| author | Olivia K. Richard Alexander Grahofer Heiko Nathues Horst Posthaus |
| author_facet | Olivia K. Richard Alexander Grahofer Heiko Nathues Horst Posthaus |
| author_sort | Olivia K. Richard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Clostridium perfringens type C induced necrotizing enteritis (NE) causes high mortality in newborn piglets. Immunization programs employing commercially available vaccines are used to prevent disease. Sows are vaccinated during every gestation period and piglets take up antibodies from the colostrum. Antibodies against the major clostridial toxin beta-toxin (CPB) are considered essential for protective immunity. Because the pathogen can persist for several years on farms, continuous vaccination is essential to protect pig herds from the re-occurrence of NE. Results In two field trials using commercially available vaccines we monitored neutralizing anti-CPB antibodies in pigs after vaccination. The first trial compared antibody titers in primiparous (gilts) and multiparous sows and their piglets after vaccination. A proportion of gilts and their piglets’ showed no or low antibody titers. All multiparous sows developed significantly higher serum and colostrum antibody titers after a booster vaccination shortly before their next farrowing. These colostral antibody titer highly correlated with the serum antibody titer of their piglets after consumption of colostrum. In a second field trial, we adapted the vaccination schemes using 3 instead of 2 initial vaccinations before the first farrowing of gilts. This significantly increased serum and colostrum antibody titers in gilts and serum antibody titers in piglets. Conclusion We demonstrate that despite following recommended vaccination protocols, a proportion of gilts might not sufficiently seroconvert to provide efficient passive immunity to their offsprings. A simple adaptation of the vaccination scheme can however improve passive protection of piglets from NE. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:28:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a00093fd93a4f3f921ccb281b43c972 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2055-5660 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T11:28:05Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Porcine Health Management |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a00093fd93a4f3f921ccb281b43c9722022-12-21T23:03:25ZengBMCPorcine Health Management2055-56602019-08-01511910.1186/s40813-019-0127-8Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination schemeOlivia K. Richard0Alexander Grahofer1Heiko Nathues2Horst Posthaus3Institute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernClinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernClinic for Swine, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernInstitute of Animal Pathology, Department of Infectious Diseases and Pathobiology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of BernAbstract Background Clostridium perfringens type C induced necrotizing enteritis (NE) causes high mortality in newborn piglets. Immunization programs employing commercially available vaccines are used to prevent disease. Sows are vaccinated during every gestation period and piglets take up antibodies from the colostrum. Antibodies against the major clostridial toxin beta-toxin (CPB) are considered essential for protective immunity. Because the pathogen can persist for several years on farms, continuous vaccination is essential to protect pig herds from the re-occurrence of NE. Results In two field trials using commercially available vaccines we monitored neutralizing anti-CPB antibodies in pigs after vaccination. The first trial compared antibody titers in primiparous (gilts) and multiparous sows and their piglets after vaccination. A proportion of gilts and their piglets’ showed no or low antibody titers. All multiparous sows developed significantly higher serum and colostrum antibody titers after a booster vaccination shortly before their next farrowing. These colostral antibody titer highly correlated with the serum antibody titer of their piglets after consumption of colostrum. In a second field trial, we adapted the vaccination schemes using 3 instead of 2 initial vaccinations before the first farrowing of gilts. This significantly increased serum and colostrum antibody titers in gilts and serum antibody titers in piglets. Conclusion We demonstrate that despite following recommended vaccination protocols, a proportion of gilts might not sufficiently seroconvert to provide efficient passive immunity to their offsprings. A simple adaptation of the vaccination scheme can however improve passive protection of piglets from NE.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40813-019-0127-8Clostridium perfringens type CBeta-toxinNeutralizing antibodiesNecrotizing enteritisPorcineVaccination |
| spellingShingle | Olivia K. Richard Alexander Grahofer Heiko Nathues Horst Posthaus Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme Porcine Health Management Clostridium perfringens type C Beta-toxin Neutralizing antibodies Necrotizing enteritis Porcine Vaccination |
| title | Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| title_full | Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| title_fullStr | Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| title_full_unstemmed | Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| title_short | Vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C enteritis in pigs: a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| title_sort | vaccination against clostridium perfringens type c enteritis in pigs a field study using an adapted vaccination scheme |
| topic | Clostridium perfringens type C Beta-toxin Neutralizing antibodies Necrotizing enteritis Porcine Vaccination |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s40813-019-0127-8 |
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