Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative dementia that affects nearly 50 million people worldwide and is a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. While there have been many attempts to develop disease-modifying therapies for late-onset AD, none have so far shown eff...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00096/full |
| _version_ | 1811215165294641152 |
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| author | Matthew W. Schelke Peter Attia Daniel J. Palenchar Bob Kaplan Monica Mureb Christine A. Ganzer Olivia Scheyer Aneela Rahman Robert Kachko Robert Krikorian Lisa Mosconi Richard S. Isaacson |
| author_facet | Matthew W. Schelke Peter Attia Daniel J. Palenchar Bob Kaplan Monica Mureb Christine A. Ganzer Olivia Scheyer Aneela Rahman Robert Kachko Robert Krikorian Lisa Mosconi Richard S. Isaacson |
| author_sort | Matthew W. Schelke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative dementia that affects nearly 50 million people worldwide and is a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. While there have been many attempts to develop disease-modifying therapies for late-onset AD, none have so far shown efficacy in humans. However, the long latency between the initial neuronal changes and onset of symptoms, the ability to identify patients at risk based on family history and genetic markers, and the emergence of AD biomarkers for preclinical disease suggests that early risk-reducing interventions may be able to decrease the incidence of, delay or prevent AD. In this review, we discuss six mechanisms—dysregulation of glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, trophic factor release, amyloid burden, and calcium toxicity—involved in AD pathogenesis that offer promising targets for risk-reducing interventions. In addition, we offer a blueprint for a multi-modality AD risk reduction program that can be clinically implemented with the current state of knowledge. Focused risk reduction aimed at particular pathological factors may transform AD to a preventable disorder in select cases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:17:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a087b895cd5414497292343947ee060 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1663-4365 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T06:17:18Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a087b895cd5414497292343947ee0602022-12-22T03:44:26ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience1663-43652018-04-011010.3389/fnagi.2018.00096343876Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease PreventionMatthew W. Schelke0Peter Attia1Daniel J. Palenchar2Bob Kaplan3Monica Mureb4Christine A. Ganzer5Olivia Scheyer6Aneela Rahman7Robert Kachko8Robert Krikorian9Lisa Mosconi10Richard S. Isaacson11Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY, United StatesAttia Medical, PC, San Diego, CA, United StatesAttia Medical, PC, San Diego, CA, United StatesAttia Medical, PC, San Diego, CA, United StatesWeill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United StatesHunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY, United StatesWeill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United StatesWeill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United StatesInner Source Health, New York, NY, United StatesCollege of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United StatesWeill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United StatesWeill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, United StatesAlzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative dementia that affects nearly 50 million people worldwide and is a major source of morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. While there have been many attempts to develop disease-modifying therapies for late-onset AD, none have so far shown efficacy in humans. However, the long latency between the initial neuronal changes and onset of symptoms, the ability to identify patients at risk based on family history and genetic markers, and the emergence of AD biomarkers for preclinical disease suggests that early risk-reducing interventions may be able to decrease the incidence of, delay or prevent AD. In this review, we discuss six mechanisms—dysregulation of glucose metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, trophic factor release, amyloid burden, and calcium toxicity—involved in AD pathogenesis that offer promising targets for risk-reducing interventions. In addition, we offer a blueprint for a multi-modality AD risk reduction program that can be clinically implemented with the current state of knowledge. Focused risk reduction aimed at particular pathological factors may transform AD to a preventable disorder in select cases.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00096/fullAlzheimer’s diseaseAlzheimer’s preventionclinical precision medicineprecision medicineglucose hypometabolisminflammation |
| spellingShingle | Matthew W. Schelke Peter Attia Daniel J. Palenchar Bob Kaplan Monica Mureb Christine A. Ganzer Olivia Scheyer Aneela Rahman Robert Kachko Robert Krikorian Lisa Mosconi Richard S. Isaacson Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s prevention clinical precision medicine precision medicine glucose hypometabolism inflammation |
| title | Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention |
| title_full | Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention |
| title_fullStr | Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention |
| title_short | Mechanisms of Risk Reduction in the Clinical Practice of Alzheimer’s Disease Prevention |
| title_sort | mechanisms of risk reduction in the clinical practice of alzheimer s disease prevention |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease Alzheimer’s prevention clinical precision medicine precision medicine glucose hypometabolism inflammation |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00096/full |
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