An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples
Nucleic acid (NA) extraction is a basic step for genetic analysis, from scientific research to diagnostic and forensic applications. It aims at preparing samples for its application with biomolecular technologies such as isothermal and non-isothermal amplification, hybridization, electrophoresis, Sa...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3058 |
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| author | Daniele Obino Massimo Vassalli Alberto Franceschi Andrea Alessandrini Paolo Facci Federica Viti |
| author_facet | Daniele Obino Massimo Vassalli Alberto Franceschi Andrea Alessandrini Paolo Facci Federica Viti |
| author_sort | Daniele Obino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nucleic acid (NA) extraction is a basic step for genetic analysis, from scientific research to diagnostic and forensic applications. It aims at preparing samples for its application with biomolecular technologies such as isothermal and non-isothermal amplification, hybridization, electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing. Multiple steps are involved in NA collection from raw samples, including cell separation from the rest of the specimen, cell lysis, NA isolation and release. Typically, this process needs molecular biology facilities, specialized instrumentation and labor-intensive operations. Microfluidic devices have been developed to analyze NA samples with high efficacy and sensitivity. In this context, the integration within the chip of the sample preparation phase is crucial to leverage the promise of portable, fast, user-friendly and economic point-of-care solutions. This review presents an overview of existing lab-on-a-chip (LOC) solutions designed to provide automated NA extraction from human raw biological fluids, such as whole blood, excreta (urine and feces), saliva. It mainly focuses on LOC implementation aspects, aiming to describe a detailed panorama of strategies implemented for different human raw sample preparations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:54:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a128fac6980440680dd5a8d7a8f0df3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:54:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a128fac6980440680dd5a8d7a8f0df32023-11-21T17:27:16ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-04-01219305810.3390/s21093058An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw SamplesDaniele Obino0Massimo Vassalli1Alberto Franceschi2Andrea Alessandrini3Paolo Facci4Federica Viti5Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 16149 Genova, ItalyCentre for the Cellular Microenvironment, James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, James Watt South Building, Glasgow G128LT, UKDiagnostica Veterinaria La Lanterna S.n.c., 16149 Genova, ItalyNanoscience Institute, National Research Council, 41125 Modena, ItalyInstitute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 16149 Genova, ItalyInstitute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 16149 Genova, ItalyNucleic acid (NA) extraction is a basic step for genetic analysis, from scientific research to diagnostic and forensic applications. It aims at preparing samples for its application with biomolecular technologies such as isothermal and non-isothermal amplification, hybridization, electrophoresis, Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing. Multiple steps are involved in NA collection from raw samples, including cell separation from the rest of the specimen, cell lysis, NA isolation and release. Typically, this process needs molecular biology facilities, specialized instrumentation and labor-intensive operations. Microfluidic devices have been developed to analyze NA samples with high efficacy and sensitivity. In this context, the integration within the chip of the sample preparation phase is crucial to leverage the promise of portable, fast, user-friendly and economic point-of-care solutions. This review presents an overview of existing lab-on-a-chip (LOC) solutions designed to provide automated NA extraction from human raw biological fluids, such as whole blood, excreta (urine and feces), saliva. It mainly focuses on LOC implementation aspects, aiming to describe a detailed panorama of strategies implemented for different human raw sample preparations.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3058lab-on-chipLOCnucleic acid extractionmicrofluidicssolid-phase extractionSPE |
| spellingShingle | Daniele Obino Massimo Vassalli Alberto Franceschi Andrea Alessandrini Paolo Facci Federica Viti An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples Sensors lab-on-chip LOC nucleic acid extraction microfluidics solid-phase extraction SPE |
| title | An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples |
| title_full | An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples |
| title_fullStr | An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples |
| title_short | An Overview on Microfluidic Systems for Nucleic Acids Extraction from Human Raw Samples |
| title_sort | overview on microfluidic systems for nucleic acids extraction from human raw samples |
| topic | lab-on-chip LOC nucleic acid extraction microfluidics solid-phase extraction SPE |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/9/3058 |
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