Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment
As the germ of a highly productive oil tree species, <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> seeds have great potential to produce biodiesel and they have marvelous fatty acid (FA) composition. In order to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of FA biosynthesis in <i>S. tonkinensis</i&g...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Chen Chen Hong Chen Chao Han Zemao Liu Ming Ni Qikui Wu Fangyuan Yu |
| author_facet | Chen Chen Hong Chen Chao Han Zemao Liu Ming Ni Qikui Wu Fangyuan Yu |
| author_sort | Chen Chen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | As the germ of a highly productive oil tree species, <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> seeds have great potential to produce biodiesel and they have marvelous fatty acid (FA) composition. In order to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of FA biosynthesis in <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds after methyl jasmonate (MJ) application, transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques were adopted so as to dissect the genes that are related to FA biosynthesis and their expression levels, as well as to discover the major FA concentration and composition. The results revealed that 200 μmol/L of MJ (MJ200) increased the crude fat (CF) mass fraction and generated the greatest impact on CF accumulation at 70 days after flowering. Twenty FAs were identified, among which palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were the major FAs, and the presence of MJ200 affected their concentrations variously. MJ200 could enhance FA accumulation through elevating the activity of enzymes that are related to FA synthesis. The number of differentially expressed genes increased with the seeds’ development in general. Fatty acid biosynthesis, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, fatty acid elongation and glycerolipid metabolism were the main lipid metabolism pathways that were found to be involved. The changes in the expression levels of <i>EAR</i>, <i>KAR</i>, <i>accA</i>, <i>accB</i> and <i>SAD2</i> were consistent with the changes in the CF mass fraction, indicating that they are important genes in the FA biosynthesis of <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds and that MJ200 promoted their expression levels. In addition, <i>bZIP</i> (which was screened by weighted correlation network analysis) also created significant impacts on FA biosynthesis. Our research has provided a basis for further studies on FA biosynthesis that is regulated by MJ200 at the molecular level and has helped to clarify the functions of key genes in the FA metabolic pathway in <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9a23505f0b1e4c14b349d05f2cf4512a2023-11-23T14:11:10ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-05-012311619010.3390/ijms23116190Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate TreatmentChen Chen0Hong Chen1Chao Han2Zemao Liu3Ming Ni4Qikui Wu5Fangyuan Yu6Collaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaState Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, ChinaCollaborative Innovation Centre of Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, College of Forest Science, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, ChinaAs the germ of a highly productive oil tree species, <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> seeds have great potential to produce biodiesel and they have marvelous fatty acid (FA) composition. In order to explore the molecular regulatory mechanism of FA biosynthesis in <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds after methyl jasmonate (MJ) application, transcriptomic and metabolomic techniques were adopted so as to dissect the genes that are related to FA biosynthesis and their expression levels, as well as to discover the major FA concentration and composition. The results revealed that 200 μmol/L of MJ (MJ200) increased the crude fat (CF) mass fraction and generated the greatest impact on CF accumulation at 70 days after flowering. Twenty FAs were identified, among which palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and linolenic acid were the major FAs, and the presence of MJ200 affected their concentrations variously. MJ200 could enhance FA accumulation through elevating the activity of enzymes that are related to FA synthesis. The number of differentially expressed genes increased with the seeds’ development in general. Fatty acid biosynthesis, the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid, fatty acid elongation and glycerolipid metabolism were the main lipid metabolism pathways that were found to be involved. The changes in the expression levels of <i>EAR</i>, <i>KAR</i>, <i>accA</i>, <i>accB</i> and <i>SAD2</i> were consistent with the changes in the CF mass fraction, indicating that they are important genes in the FA biosynthesis of <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds and that MJ200 promoted their expression levels. In addition, <i>bZIP</i> (which was screened by weighted correlation network analysis) also created significant impacts on FA biosynthesis. Our research has provided a basis for further studies on FA biosynthesis that is regulated by MJ200 at the molecular level and has helped to clarify the functions of key genes in the FA metabolic pathway in <i>S. tonkinensis</i> seeds.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6190fatty acid biosynthesismetabolomemethyl jasmonate<i>Styrax tonkinensis</i>transcriptome |
| spellingShingle | Chen Chen Hong Chen Chao Han Zemao Liu Ming Ni Qikui Wu Fangyuan Yu Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment International Journal of Molecular Sciences fatty acid biosynthesis metabolome methyl jasmonate <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> transcriptome |
| title | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment |
| title_full | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment |
| title_short | Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analysis Unravels the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of Fatty Acid Biosynthesis in <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> Seeds under Methyl Jasmonate Treatment |
| title_sort | transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis unravels the molecular regulatory mechanism of fatty acid biosynthesis in i styrax tonkinensis i seeds under methyl jasmonate treatment |
| topic | fatty acid biosynthesis metabolome methyl jasmonate <i>Styrax tonkinensis</i> transcriptome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/11/6190 |
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