COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series
Background: With 10 vaccines approved by the WHO and nearly 48% of people fully vaccinated worldwide, we have observed several individual case studies of neurological manifestations post-COVID-19 vaccination. Through this systematic review, we aim to discern these CNS and PNS manifestations followin...
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Brain Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/3/407 |
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| author | Shitiz Sriwastava Kanika Sharma Syed Hassan Khalid Sakhi Bhansali Ashish K. Shrestha Mahmoud Elkhooly Samiksha Srivastava Erum Khan Shruti Jaiswal Sijin Wen |
| author_facet | Shitiz Sriwastava Kanika Sharma Syed Hassan Khalid Sakhi Bhansali Ashish K. Shrestha Mahmoud Elkhooly Samiksha Srivastava Erum Khan Shruti Jaiswal Sijin Wen |
| author_sort | Shitiz Sriwastava |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: With 10 vaccines approved by the WHO and nearly 48% of people fully vaccinated worldwide, we have observed several individual case studies of neurological manifestations post-COVID-19 vaccination. Through this systematic review, we aim to discern these CNS and PNS manifestations following the COVID-19 vaccine to help produce methods to mitigate them. Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search of Google Scholar and PubMed from 1 December 2020 until 10 October 2021 and included all the case studies of COVID-19 vaccine-associated neurological side effects. The literature search and data analysis were performed by two independent reviewers according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria using PRISMA. Results: The most common CNS manifestation was CVST (14.47%), found in females (64%) younger than 50 years (71%) after the first AstraZeneca dose (93%). Others included CNS demyelinating disorders (TM, ADEM, MS, NMOSD) (9.30%), encephalopathy/encephalitis (3.10%), and others (4.13%). The most common PNS manifestation was GBS (14.67%) found in males (71%) older than 50 years (79%), followed by Bell’s palsy (5.24%) and others (2.10%). Most occurred with the AstraZeneca (28.55%), Pfizer-BioNTech (9.18%), and Moderna (8.16%) vaccines. Nine (64%) out of the 14 patients with CVST died. However, most cases overall (42 out of 51) were non-fatal (82%). Conclusion: Several CNS and PNS adverse events have occurred post-COVID-19 vaccination, including CVST, GBS, and TM. High vigilance with early identification and treatment leads to better outcomes. Further studies with non-vaccinated controls might help in understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of these neurological manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:49:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a2db235f5804255958ec5c30965d54c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3425 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:49:19Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a2db235f5804255958ec5c30965d54c2023-11-30T20:54:18ZengMDPI AGBrain Sciences2076-34252022-03-0112340710.3390/brainsci12030407COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case SeriesShitiz Sriwastava0Kanika Sharma1Syed Hassan Khalid2Sakhi Bhansali3Ashish K. Shrestha4Mahmoud Elkhooly5Samiksha Srivastava6Erum Khan7Shruti Jaiswal8Sijin Wen9Department of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USASmt. N.H.L. Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad 380006, IndiaDepartment of Neurology, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, USACalcutta National Medical College, Kolkata 700014, IndiaKathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu 44600, NepalDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Minia University, Minia 61519, EgyptDepartment of Neurology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USAB.J. Medical College and Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad 380016, IndiaWest Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USAWest Virginia Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Morgantown, WV 26506, USABackground: With 10 vaccines approved by the WHO and nearly 48% of people fully vaccinated worldwide, we have observed several individual case studies of neurological manifestations post-COVID-19 vaccination. Through this systematic review, we aim to discern these CNS and PNS manifestations following the COVID-19 vaccine to help produce methods to mitigate them. Methods: We conducted a thorough literature search of Google Scholar and PubMed from 1 December 2020 until 10 October 2021 and included all the case studies of COVID-19 vaccine-associated neurological side effects. The literature search and data analysis were performed by two independent reviewers according to prespecified inclusion and exclusion criteria using PRISMA. Results: The most common CNS manifestation was CVST (14.47%), found in females (64%) younger than 50 years (71%) after the first AstraZeneca dose (93%). Others included CNS demyelinating disorders (TM, ADEM, MS, NMOSD) (9.30%), encephalopathy/encephalitis (3.10%), and others (4.13%). The most common PNS manifestation was GBS (14.67%) found in males (71%) older than 50 years (79%), followed by Bell’s palsy (5.24%) and others (2.10%). Most occurred with the AstraZeneca (28.55%), Pfizer-BioNTech (9.18%), and Moderna (8.16%) vaccines. Nine (64%) out of the 14 patients with CVST died. However, most cases overall (42 out of 51) were non-fatal (82%). Conclusion: Several CNS and PNS adverse events have occurred post-COVID-19 vaccination, including CVST, GBS, and TM. High vigilance with early identification and treatment leads to better outcomes. Further studies with non-vaccinated controls might help in understanding the pathophysiologic mechanisms of these neurological manifestations following COVID-19 vaccination.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/3/407COVID-19 vaccinationGBStransverse myelitisPfizer BioNTechModernaJanssen/Johnson and Johnson and AstraZeneca vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Shitiz Sriwastava Kanika Sharma Syed Hassan Khalid Sakhi Bhansali Ashish K. Shrestha Mahmoud Elkhooly Samiksha Srivastava Erum Khan Shruti Jaiswal Sijin Wen COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series Brain Sciences COVID-19 vaccination GBS transverse myelitis Pfizer BioNTech Moderna Janssen/Johnson and Johnson and AstraZeneca vaccine |
| title | COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series |
| title_full | COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series |
| title_short | COVID-19 Vaccination and Neurological Manifestations: A Review of Case Reports and Case Series |
| title_sort | covid 19 vaccination and neurological manifestations a review of case reports and case series |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccination GBS transverse myelitis Pfizer BioNTech Moderna Janssen/Johnson and Johnson and AstraZeneca vaccine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/12/3/407 |
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