Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir
Highlights: 1. Lymphocyte, procalcitonin, D-dimer and high IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients are associated with a poor prognosis. 2. IL-6 serial measurement for COVID-19 patients may be a potential indicator for evaluating the severity and patient outcome. Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affe...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Universitas Airlangga
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Folia Medica Indonesiana |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/FMI/article/view/44715 |
| _version_ | 1797687715993485312 |
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| author | Erwin Astha Triyono Nancy Margarita Rehatta Nabilah Feriawan Tan |
| author_facet | Erwin Astha Triyono Nancy Margarita Rehatta Nabilah Feriawan Tan |
| author_sort | Erwin Astha Triyono |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Highlights:
1. Lymphocyte, procalcitonin, D-dimer and high IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients are associated with a poor prognosis.
2. IL-6 serial measurement for COVID-19 patients may be a potential indicator for evaluating the severity and patient outcome.
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 760 million individuals worldwide, resulting in more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Early detection of patient deterioration can assist in predicting outcomes and prioritizing healthcare services based on evidence-based indicators. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that plays a role in the inflammatory process, making it a potential parameter for assessing a patient's inflammatory state. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels of COVID-19 patients. This study used a retrospective cohort study design with medical record data. The characteristics (n=68) and IL-6 levels (n=52) of the patients on the first, third, and sixth days of treatment were recorded consecutively. The mean age of the patients was 49 years, with the majority being male (72%) and the most prevalent comorbidity being hypertension (29%). The average duration of hospitalization was 10.94 days. Shortness of breath was the most commonly reported symptom (45.6%). The medians of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin, and D-dimer were above normal. Significant differences were observed in lymphocytes (p=0.046), procalcitonin (p=0.023), and D-dimer (p=0.000) between survivor and non-survivor patients. Significant dynamic changes in IL-6 levels were observed from the first day to the sixth day (p=0.014) and from the third day to the sixth day (p=0.041). In conclusion, risk stratification, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels play a role in assessing the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 patients. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:22:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a394e8e70a74ce4a76dd6ae78c62aa9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2355-8393 2599-056X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:22:37Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Universitas Airlangga |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Folia Medica Indonesiana |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a394e8e70a74ce4a76dd6ae78c62aa92023-09-13T01:58:09ZengUniversitas AirlanggaFolia Medica Indonesiana2355-83932599-056X2023-06-01592929810.20473/fmi.v59i2.4471542799Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-RitonavirErwin Astha Triyono0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8648-9796Nancy Margarita Rehatta1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0696-8077Nabilah2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1463-8067Feriawan Tan3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0799-2199Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia; Indonesian Society of Internal MedicineDepartment of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Bima General Hospital, Bima, IndonesiaFaculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia Highlights: 1. Lymphocyte, procalcitonin, D-dimer and high IL-6 levels in COVID-19 patients are associated with a poor prognosis. 2. IL-6 serial measurement for COVID-19 patients may be a potential indicator for evaluating the severity and patient outcome. Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has affected over 760 million individuals worldwide, resulting in more than 6.8 million reported deaths. Early detection of patient deterioration can assist in predicting outcomes and prioritizing healthcare services based on evidence-based indicators. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a cytokine that plays a role in the inflammatory process, making it a potential parameter for assessing a patient's inflammatory state. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels of COVID-19 patients. This study used a retrospective cohort study design with medical record data. The characteristics (n=68) and IL-6 levels (n=52) of the patients on the first, third, and sixth days of treatment were recorded consecutively. The mean age of the patients was 49 years, with the majority being male (72%) and the most prevalent comorbidity being hypertension (29%). The average duration of hospitalization was 10.94 days. Shortness of breath was the most commonly reported symptom (45.6%). The medians of neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, ferritin, and D-dimer were above normal. Significant differences were observed in lymphocytes (p=0.046), procalcitonin (p=0.023), and D-dimer (p=0.000) between survivor and non-survivor patients. Significant dynamic changes in IL-6 levels were observed from the first day to the sixth day (p=0.014) and from the third day to the sixth day (p=0.041). In conclusion, risk stratification, laboratory profiles, and IL-6 levels play a role in assessing the severity and outcomes of COVID-19 patients.https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/FMI/article/view/44715covid-19pandemicil-6clinical characteristicshuman and health |
| spellingShingle | Erwin Astha Triyono Nancy Margarita Rehatta Nabilah Feriawan Tan Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir Folia Medica Indonesiana covid-19 pandemic il-6 clinical characteristics human and health |
| title | Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir |
| title_full | Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir |
| title_fullStr | Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir |
| title_full_unstemmed | Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir |
| title_short | Clinical Profiles and Il-6 Level Analysis of Critical Covid-19 Patients Receiving Lopinavir-Ritonavir |
| title_sort | clinical profiles and il 6 level analysis of critical covid 19 patients receiving lopinavir ritonavir |
| topic | covid-19 pandemic il-6 clinical characteristics human and health |
| url | https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/FMI/article/view/44715 |
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