Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study
The purpose of this study was to examine 24 h urinary hydration markers in non-Hispanic White (WH) and non-Hispanic Black (BL) males and females. Thirteen males (BL, <i>n</i> = 6; WH, <i>n</i> = 7) and nineteen females (BL, <i>n</i> = 16, WH, <i>n</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1068 |
| _version_ | 1797570842093158400 |
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| author | William M. Adams Derek J. Hevel Jaclyn P. Maher Jared T. McGuirt |
| author_facet | William M. Adams Derek J. Hevel Jaclyn P. Maher Jared T. McGuirt |
| author_sort | William M. Adams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this study was to examine 24 h urinary hydration markers in non-Hispanic White (WH) and non-Hispanic Black (BL) males and females. Thirteen males (BL, <i>n</i> = 6; WH, <i>n</i> = 7) and nineteen females (BL, <i>n</i> = 16, WH, <i>n</i> = 3) (mean ± SD; age, 20 ± 4 y; height, 169.2 ± 12.2 cm; body mass, 71.3 ± 12.2 kg; body fat, 20.8 ± 9.7%) provided a 24 h urine sample across 7 (<i>n</i> = 13) or 3 (<i>n</i> = 19) consecutive days (148 d total) for assessment of urine volume (U<sub>VOL</sub>), urine osmolality (U<sub>OSM</sub>), urine specific gravity (U<sub>SG</sub>), and urine color (U<sub>COL</sub>). U<sub>VOL</sub> was significantly lower in BL (0.85 ± 0.43 L) compared to WH college students (2.03 ± 0.70 L) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Measures of U<sub>OSM</sub>, U<sub>SG</sub>, and U<sub>COL</sub>, were significantly greater in BL (716 ± 263 mOsm∙kg<sup>−1</sup>, 1.020 ± 0.007, and 4.2 ± 1.4, respectively) compared to WH college students (473 ± 194 mOsm∙kg<sup>−1</sup>, 1.013 ± 0.006, 3.0 ± 1.2, and respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Differences in 24 h urinary hydration measures were not significantly different between males and females (<i>p</i> > 0.05) or between the interaction of sex and race/ethnicity (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Non-Hispanic Black men and women were inadequately hydrated compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Our findings suggest that development of targeted strategies to improve habitual fluid intake and potentially overall health are needed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:31:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a3985dc67c74affa6c844b111a7f1ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:31:10Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a3985dc67c74affa6c844b111a7f1ba2023-11-19T21:25:31ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432020-04-01124106810.3390/nu12041068Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot StudyWilliam M. Adams0Derek J. Hevel1Jaclyn P. Maher2Jared T. McGuirt3Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USAThe purpose of this study was to examine 24 h urinary hydration markers in non-Hispanic White (WH) and non-Hispanic Black (BL) males and females. Thirteen males (BL, <i>n</i> = 6; WH, <i>n</i> = 7) and nineteen females (BL, <i>n</i> = 16, WH, <i>n</i> = 3) (mean ± SD; age, 20 ± 4 y; height, 169.2 ± 12.2 cm; body mass, 71.3 ± 12.2 kg; body fat, 20.8 ± 9.7%) provided a 24 h urine sample across 7 (<i>n</i> = 13) or 3 (<i>n</i> = 19) consecutive days (148 d total) for assessment of urine volume (U<sub>VOL</sub>), urine osmolality (U<sub>OSM</sub>), urine specific gravity (U<sub>SG</sub>), and urine color (U<sub>COL</sub>). U<sub>VOL</sub> was significantly lower in BL (0.85 ± 0.43 L) compared to WH college students (2.03 ± 0.70 L) (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Measures of U<sub>OSM</sub>, U<sub>SG</sub>, and U<sub>COL</sub>, were significantly greater in BL (716 ± 263 mOsm∙kg<sup>−1</sup>, 1.020 ± 0.007, and 4.2 ± 1.4, respectively) compared to WH college students (473 ± 194 mOsm∙kg<sup>−1</sup>, 1.013 ± 0.006, 3.0 ± 1.2, and respectively) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Differences in 24 h urinary hydration measures were not significantly different between males and females (<i>p</i> > 0.05) or between the interaction of sex and race/ethnicity (<i>p</i> > 0.05). Non-Hispanic Black men and women were inadequately hydrated compared to their non-Hispanic White counterparts. Our findings suggest that development of targeted strategies to improve habitual fluid intake and potentially overall health are needed.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1068fluid intakeurine osmolalityurine volumeurine specific gravitywater consumption |
| spellingShingle | William M. Adams Derek J. Hevel Jaclyn P. Maher Jared T. McGuirt Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study Nutrients fluid intake urine osmolality urine volume urine specific gravity water consumption |
| title | Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Racial and Sex Differences in 24 Hour Urinary Hydration Markers among Male and Female Emerging Adults: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | racial and sex differences in 24 hour urinary hydration markers among male and female emerging adults a pilot study |
| topic | fluid intake urine osmolality urine volume urine specific gravity water consumption |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/4/1068 |
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