Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks
Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 is the most widespread AIV in poultry worldwide, causing great economic losses in the global poultry industry. Chickens and ducks are the major hosts and play essential roles in the transmission and evolution of H9N2 AIV. Vaccines are considered an effective...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/596 |
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| author | Yuzhuo Liu Dongmin Zhao Jingfeng Zhang Xinmei Huang Kaikai Han Qingtao Liu Jing Yang Lijiao Zhang Yin Li |
| author_facet | Yuzhuo Liu Dongmin Zhao Jingfeng Zhang Xinmei Huang Kaikai Han Qingtao Liu Jing Yang Lijiao Zhang Yin Li |
| author_sort | Yuzhuo Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 is the most widespread AIV in poultry worldwide, causing great economic losses in the global poultry industry. Chickens and ducks are the major hosts and play essential roles in the transmission and evolution of H9N2 AIV. Vaccines are considered an effective strategy for fighting H9N2 infection. However, due to the differences in immune responses to infection, vaccines against H9N2 AIV suitable for use in both chickens and ducks have not been well studied. This study developed an inactivated H9N2 vaccine based on a duck-origin H9N2 AIV and assessed its effectiveness in the laboratory. The results showed that the inactivated H9N2 vaccine elicited significant haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies in both chickens and ducks. Virus challenge experiments revealed that immunization with this vaccine significantly blocked virus shedding after infection by both homogenous and heterologous H9N2 viruses. The vaccine was efficacious in chicken and duck flocks under normal field conditions. We also found that egg-yolk antibodies were produced by laying birds immunized with the inactivated vaccine, and high levels of maternal antibodies were detected in the serum of the offspring. Taken together, our study showed that this inactivated H9N2 vaccine could be extremely favourable for the prevention of H9N2 in both chickens and ducks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:48:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a465dd46b504739a13e754460a847da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:48:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a465dd46b504739a13e754460a847da2023-11-17T14:18:17ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-03-0111359610.3390/vaccines11030596Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and DucksYuzhuo Liu0Dongmin Zhao1Jingfeng Zhang2Xinmei Huang3Kaikai Han4Qingtao Liu5Jing Yang6Lijiao Zhang7Yin Li8Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaInstitute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, ChinaAvian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H9N2 is the most widespread AIV in poultry worldwide, causing great economic losses in the global poultry industry. Chickens and ducks are the major hosts and play essential roles in the transmission and evolution of H9N2 AIV. Vaccines are considered an effective strategy for fighting H9N2 infection. However, due to the differences in immune responses to infection, vaccines against H9N2 AIV suitable for use in both chickens and ducks have not been well studied. This study developed an inactivated H9N2 vaccine based on a duck-origin H9N2 AIV and assessed its effectiveness in the laboratory. The results showed that the inactivated H9N2 vaccine elicited significant haemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibodies in both chickens and ducks. Virus challenge experiments revealed that immunization with this vaccine significantly blocked virus shedding after infection by both homogenous and heterologous H9N2 viruses. The vaccine was efficacious in chicken and duck flocks under normal field conditions. We also found that egg-yolk antibodies were produced by laying birds immunized with the inactivated vaccine, and high levels of maternal antibodies were detected in the serum of the offspring. Taken together, our study showed that this inactivated H9N2 vaccine could be extremely favourable for the prevention of H9N2 in both chickens and ducks.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/596avian influenza virusH9N2inactivated vaccineprotective efficiencychickenduck |
| spellingShingle | Yuzhuo Liu Dongmin Zhao Jingfeng Zhang Xinmei Huang Kaikai Han Qingtao Liu Jing Yang Lijiao Zhang Yin Li Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks Vaccines avian influenza virus H9N2 inactivated vaccine protective efficiency chicken duck |
| title | Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks |
| title_full | Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks |
| title_fullStr | Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks |
| title_short | Development of an Inactivated Avian Influenza Virus Vaccine against Circulating H9N2 in Chickens and Ducks |
| title_sort | development of an inactivated avian influenza virus vaccine against circulating h9n2 in chickens and ducks |
| topic | avian influenza virus H9N2 inactivated vaccine protective efficiency chicken duck |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/3/596 |
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