A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature
HIV, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), can integrate into the genome of host cells and form latent reservoirs, making it undetectable by the immune system. Two studies published in Nature in January 2020 reported a ‘shock and kill’ strategy that aimed to activate the t...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
KeAi Communications Co. Ltd.
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Fundamental Research |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000528 |
| _version_ | 1797976311248977920 |
|---|---|
| author | Yangyang Li Linqi Zhang |
| author_facet | Yangyang Li Linqi Zhang |
| author_sort | Yangyang Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | HIV, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), can integrate into the genome of host cells and form latent reservoirs, making it undetectable by the immune system. Two studies published in Nature in January 2020 reported a ‘shock and kill’ strategy that aimed to activate the transcription of the latent reservoirs and render infected cells vulnerable to elimination by the immune system. Both study groups described interventions that were the most effective activation to date and were also reproducible. Nixon et al. used a drug called AZD5582 to activate the transcription of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a major inducer of HIV-1 gene expression [1] McBrien et al. combined two immunological interventions by first depleting CD8 T cells (immune cells that reduce the level of viral transcription) followed by treatment with a drug called N-803, which activated HIV-1 transcription [2]. In addition to these advances, these two studies also demonstrated the conceptual and technical challenges of pharmacological latency reversal.①① Original source in Chinese: L. Zhang, Y. Li, “Shock and Kill” of Latent HIV, Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China. 35 (2) (2021) 241-242 |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:48:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a47fe53a53e4bcba89e3347ba1196ec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-3258 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:48:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fundamental Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a47fe53a53e4bcba89e3347ba1196ec2022-12-27T04:43:09ZengKeAi Communications Co. Ltd.Fundamental Research2667-32582022-03-0122343344A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in NatureYangyang Li0Linqi Zhang1NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaCorresponding author.; NexVac Research Center, Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, ChinaHIV, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), can integrate into the genome of host cells and form latent reservoirs, making it undetectable by the immune system. Two studies published in Nature in January 2020 reported a ‘shock and kill’ strategy that aimed to activate the transcription of the latent reservoirs and render infected cells vulnerable to elimination by the immune system. Both study groups described interventions that were the most effective activation to date and were also reproducible. Nixon et al. used a drug called AZD5582 to activate the transcription of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), a major inducer of HIV-1 gene expression [1] McBrien et al. combined two immunological interventions by first depleting CD8 T cells (immune cells that reduce the level of viral transcription) followed by treatment with a drug called N-803, which activated HIV-1 transcription [2]. In addition to these advances, these two studies also demonstrated the conceptual and technical challenges of pharmacological latency reversal.①① Original source in Chinese: L. Zhang, Y. Li, “Shock and Kill” of Latent HIV, Bulletin of National Natural Science Foundation of China. 35 (2) (2021) 241-242http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000528 |
| spellingShingle | Yangyang Li Linqi Zhang A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature Fundamental Research |
| title | A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature |
| title_full | A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature |
| title_fullStr | A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature |
| title_full_unstemmed | A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature |
| title_short | A commentary of “‘Shock and Kill’ of Latent HIV” : 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in Nature |
| title_sort | commentary of shock and kill of latent hiv 10 remarkable discoveries from 2020 in nature |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667325822000528 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yangyangli acommentaryofshockandkilloflatenthiv10remarkablediscoveriesfrom2020innature AT linqizhang acommentaryofshockandkilloflatenthiv10remarkablediscoveriesfrom2020innature AT yangyangli commentaryofshockandkilloflatenthiv10remarkablediscoveriesfrom2020innature AT linqizhang commentaryofshockandkilloflatenthiv10remarkablediscoveriesfrom2020innature |