The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review
The number of sources of anthropogenic magnetic and electromagnetic fields generated by various underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and transferring devices in aquatic environment is increasing. These have an effect on an array of fish life processes, but especially the early developmental...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1210 |
| _version_ | 1797407119217000448 |
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| author | Krzysztof Formicki Agata Korzelecka-Orkisz Adam Tański |
| author_facet | Krzysztof Formicki Agata Korzelecka-Orkisz Adam Tański |
| author_sort | Krzysztof Formicki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The number of sources of anthropogenic magnetic and electromagnetic fields generated by various underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and transferring devices in aquatic environment is increasing. These have an effect on an array of fish life processes, but especially the early developmental stages. The magnitude of these effects depends on field strength and time of exposure and is species-specific. We review studies on the effect of magnetic fields on the course of embryogenesis, with special reference to survival, the size of the embryos, embryonic motor function, changes in pigment cells, respiration hatching, and directional reactions. We also describe the effect of magnetic fields on sperm motility and egg activation. Magnetic fields can exert positive effects, as in the case of the considerable extension of sperm capability of activation, or have a negative influence in the form of a disturbance in heart rate or developmental instability in inner ear organs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:36:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a4c83b928004307bafafe7ef21865a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:36:39Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a4c83b928004307bafafe7ef21865a32023-12-03T14:47:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-01223121010.3390/ijms22031210The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A ReviewKrzysztof Formicki0Agata Korzelecka-Orkisz1Adam Tański2Department of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, K. Królewicza 4, 71-550 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, K. Królewicza 4, 71-550 Szczecin, PolandDepartment of Hydrobiology, Ichthyology and Biotechnology of Reproduction, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, K. Królewicza 4, 71-550 Szczecin, PolandThe number of sources of anthropogenic magnetic and electromagnetic fields generated by various underwater facilities, industrial equipment, and transferring devices in aquatic environment is increasing. These have an effect on an array of fish life processes, but especially the early developmental stages. The magnitude of these effects depends on field strength and time of exposure and is species-specific. We review studies on the effect of magnetic fields on the course of embryogenesis, with special reference to survival, the size of the embryos, embryonic motor function, changes in pigment cells, respiration hatching, and directional reactions. We also describe the effect of magnetic fields on sperm motility and egg activation. Magnetic fields can exert positive effects, as in the case of the considerable extension of sperm capability of activation, or have a negative influence in the form of a disturbance in heart rate or developmental instability in inner ear organs.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1210anthropogenic magnetic fieldfishearly developmental stagesembryogenesislarval developmentgametes |
| spellingShingle | Krzysztof Formicki Agata Korzelecka-Orkisz Adam Tański The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review International Journal of Molecular Sciences anthropogenic magnetic field fish early developmental stages embryogenesis larval development gametes |
| title | The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review |
| title_full | The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review |
| title_short | The Effect of an Anthropogenic Magnetic Field on the Early Developmental Stages of Fishes—A Review |
| title_sort | effect of an anthropogenic magnetic field on the early developmental stages of fishes a review |
| topic | anthropogenic magnetic field fish early developmental stages embryogenesis larval development gametes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/3/1210 |
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