Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study
Geothermal reinjection is a new method of geothermal development which can maintain regional geothermal reservoir pressure, and it is conducive to the sustainable development and utilization of geothermal heat. However, geothermal reinjection blockage has always been a problem that restricts geother...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/2955 |
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| author | Haonan Gan Zhiming Liu Xiao Wang Yu Zhang Yuzhong Liao Gui Zhao Jichu Zhao Zhitao Liu |
| author_facet | Haonan Gan Zhiming Liu Xiao Wang Yu Zhang Yuzhong Liao Gui Zhao Jichu Zhao Zhitao Liu |
| author_sort | Haonan Gan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Geothermal reinjection is a new method of geothermal development which can maintain regional geothermal reservoir pressure, and it is conducive to the sustainable development and utilization of geothermal heat. However, geothermal reinjection blockage has always been a problem that restricts geothermal development and utilization, causing geothermal reservoirs, especially the attenuation of sandstone geothermal reservoirs. Considering an example of a typical sandstone geothermal reservoir in Binzhou, in this study, in situ geothermal fluids and borehole cores were collected to conduct automatic rotary reactor experiments under different temperature and acidification conditions in laboratory studies. The chemical compositions of geothermal fluids and core samples before and after the experiment were compared. The results show that both temperature and acid have significant effects on the water–rock interaction. The effect of temperature is mainly shown on mineral solubility, while the effect of acidification is shown in the increased dissolution of calcite and feldspar minerals. Compared with high temperature (65 °C) reinjection conditions, the calcite precipitation at a low temperature (45 °C) is largely reduced, but with larger total mineral volume changes, mainly due to the formation of montmorillonite. Therefore, from the laboratory studies, it is recommended to preform reinjection using a low-temperature fluid, without adding acids. |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:00:32Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9a5a8b8384cb461ca36b757f5df67ccc2023-11-23T22:13:18ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-09-011419295510.3390/w14192955Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory StudyHaonan Gan0Zhiming Liu1Xiao Wang2Yu Zhang3Yuzhong Liao4Gui Zhao5Jichu Zhao6Zhitao Liu7The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaHebei Province Key Laboratory of Sustained Utilization and Development of Water Resources, School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaHebei Province Key Laboratory of Sustained Utilization and Development of Water Resources, School of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 050031, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaThe Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, ChinaShandong Provincial Lubei Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute, Dezhou 253000, ChinaShandong Provincial Lubei Geo-Engineering Exploration Institute, Dezhou 253000, ChinaGeothermal reinjection is a new method of geothermal development which can maintain regional geothermal reservoir pressure, and it is conducive to the sustainable development and utilization of geothermal heat. However, geothermal reinjection blockage has always been a problem that restricts geothermal development and utilization, causing geothermal reservoirs, especially the attenuation of sandstone geothermal reservoirs. Considering an example of a typical sandstone geothermal reservoir in Binzhou, in this study, in situ geothermal fluids and borehole cores were collected to conduct automatic rotary reactor experiments under different temperature and acidification conditions in laboratory studies. The chemical compositions of geothermal fluids and core samples before and after the experiment were compared. The results show that both temperature and acid have significant effects on the water–rock interaction. The effect of temperature is mainly shown on mineral solubility, while the effect of acidification is shown in the increased dissolution of calcite and feldspar minerals. Compared with high temperature (65 °C) reinjection conditions, the calcite precipitation at a low temperature (45 °C) is largely reduced, but with larger total mineral volume changes, mainly due to the formation of montmorillonite. Therefore, from the laboratory studies, it is recommended to preform reinjection using a low-temperature fluid, without adding acids.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/2955sandstone geothermal reservoirreinjection fluidswater–rock interactionreactor experimentmineral composition |
| spellingShingle | Haonan Gan Zhiming Liu Xiao Wang Yu Zhang Yuzhong Liao Gui Zhao Jichu Zhao Zhitao Liu Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study Water sandstone geothermal reservoir reinjection fluids water–rock interaction reactor experiment mineral composition |
| title | Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study |
| title_full | Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study |
| title_short | Effect of Temperature and Acidification on Reinjection of Geothermal Water into Sandstone Geothermal Reservoirs: Laboratory Study |
| title_sort | effect of temperature and acidification on reinjection of geothermal water into sandstone geothermal reservoirs laboratory study |
| topic | sandstone geothermal reservoir reinjection fluids water–rock interaction reactor experiment mineral composition |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/19/2955 |
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