Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study
BackgroundTo investigate the risk factors for change in refraction and refractive components in preschoolers.MethodsPreschool children aged 3–5 years old, from the junior and the middle grades of seven randomly selected kindergartens in Jia Ding District, Shanghai, were followed for 1 year. Cyclople...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.864233/full |
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| author | Yingyan Ma Yingyan Ma Senlin Lin Jianfeng Zhu Rong Zhao Bo Zhang Yao Yin Yueqin Shao Xiangui He Xun Xu Xun Xu Haidong Zou Haidong Zou |
| author_facet | Yingyan Ma Yingyan Ma Senlin Lin Jianfeng Zhu Rong Zhao Bo Zhang Yao Yin Yueqin Shao Xiangui He Xun Xu Xun Xu Haidong Zou Haidong Zou |
| author_sort | Yingyan Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundTo investigate the risk factors for change in refraction and refractive components in preschoolers.MethodsPreschool children aged 3–5 years old, from the junior and the middle grades of seven randomly selected kindergartens in Jia Ding District, Shanghai, were followed for 1 year. Cycloplegic autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Questionnaires about parental myopia and environmental risk factors, such as time of outdoors and near work, were collected.ResultsA total of 603 right eyes of 603 children were included. Parental myopia was not associated with a change in refraction, but two myopic parents were associated with a longer change in AL (coefficient = 0.153, p = 0.006), after adjusted for baseline spherical refraction, age, gender, change in height, change in weight, and environment risk factors. In the multivariate analyses, boys showed a more myopic refraction shift than girls in 1 year (coefficient = −0.150, p = 0.008) and a quicker AL elongation (coefficient = 0.120, p = 0.008). Time of near work, such as watching television, using computer, reading and writing, and time of outdoor activities, was not associated with a change in refraction or AL.ConclusionsIn preschool age, environmental risk factors were not strongly associated with the change in refraction or refractive components. Parental myopia influences the refractive development of children continuously from infancy to preschool age, which might be the biological basis of school myopia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:39:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a7a860f410a45308329810f98b44d67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T05:39:48Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a7a860f410a45308329810f98b44d672022-12-22T01:19:09ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602022-04-011010.3389/fped.2022.864233864233Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective StudyYingyan Ma0Yingyan Ma1Senlin Lin2Jianfeng Zhu3Rong Zhao4Bo Zhang5Yao Yin6Yueqin Shao7Xiangui He8Xun Xu9Xun Xu10Haidong Zou11Haidong Zou12Department of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaShanghai Shenkang Hospital Development Center, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaJiading Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Preventative Ophthalmology, Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, ChinaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, ChinaBackgroundTo investigate the risk factors for change in refraction and refractive components in preschoolers.MethodsPreschool children aged 3–5 years old, from the junior and the middle grades of seven randomly selected kindergartens in Jia Ding District, Shanghai, were followed for 1 year. Cycloplegic autorefraction (1% cyclopentolate) and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and at 1-year follow-up. Questionnaires about parental myopia and environmental risk factors, such as time of outdoors and near work, were collected.ResultsA total of 603 right eyes of 603 children were included. Parental myopia was not associated with a change in refraction, but two myopic parents were associated with a longer change in AL (coefficient = 0.153, p = 0.006), after adjusted for baseline spherical refraction, age, gender, change in height, change in weight, and environment risk factors. In the multivariate analyses, boys showed a more myopic refraction shift than girls in 1 year (coefficient = −0.150, p = 0.008) and a quicker AL elongation (coefficient = 0.120, p = 0.008). Time of near work, such as watching television, using computer, reading and writing, and time of outdoor activities, was not associated with a change in refraction or AL.ConclusionsIn preschool age, environmental risk factors were not strongly associated with the change in refraction or refractive components. Parental myopia influences the refractive development of children continuously from infancy to preschool age, which might be the biological basis of school myopia.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.864233/fullpreschool childrenrefractionaxial lengthparental myopiaoutdoor activities |
| spellingShingle | Yingyan Ma Yingyan Ma Senlin Lin Jianfeng Zhu Rong Zhao Bo Zhang Yao Yin Yueqin Shao Xiangui He Xun Xu Xun Xu Haidong Zou Haidong Zou Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study Frontiers in Pediatrics preschool children refraction axial length parental myopia outdoor activities |
| title | Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study |
| title_full | Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study |
| title_short | Effect of Parental Myopia on Change in Refraction in Shanghai Preschoolers: A 1-Year Prospective Study |
| title_sort | effect of parental myopia on change in refraction in shanghai preschoolers a 1 year prospective study |
| topic | preschool children refraction axial length parental myopia outdoor activities |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2022.864233/full |
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