Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem
Glucocorticoids are widely used as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs to treat a wide range of diseases. However, they are also associated with a number of side effects, including new-onset hyperglycemia in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or severely uncontroll...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Korean Endocrine Society
2017-05-01
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| Series: | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://e-enm.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/2008ENM/enm-32-180.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819022822767329280 |
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| author | Sunghwan Suh Mi Kyoung Park |
| author_facet | Sunghwan Suh Mi Kyoung Park |
| author_sort | Sunghwan Suh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Glucocorticoids are widely used as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs to treat a wide range of diseases. However, they are also associated with a number of side effects, including new-onset hyperglycemia in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or severely uncontrolled hyperglycemia in patients with known DM. Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) is a common and potentially harmful problem in clinical practice, affecting almost all medical specialties, but is often difficult to detect in clinical settings. However, scientific evidence is lacking regarding the effects of GIDM, as well as strategies for prevention and treatment. Similarly to nonsteroid-related DM, the principles of early detection and risk factor modification apply. Screening for GIDM should be considered in all patients treated with medium to high doses of glucocorticoids. Challenges in the management of GIDM stem from wide fluctuations in postprandial hyperglycemia and the lack of clearly defined treatment protocols. Together with lifestyle measures, hypoglycemic drugs with insulin-sensitizing effects are indicated. However, insulin therapy is often unavoidable, to the point that insulin can be considered the drug of choice. The treatment of GIDM should take into account the degree and pattern of hyperglycemia, as well as the type, dose, and schedule of glucocorticoid used. Moreover, it is essential to instruct the patient and/or the patient's family about how to perform the necessary adjustments. Prospective studies are needed to answer the remaining questions regarding GIDM. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T04:29:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a8b629a3c564b7eab41de60bb1dcc9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2093-596X 2093-5978 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T04:29:07Z |
| publishDate | 2017-05-01 |
| publisher | Korean Endocrine Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Endocrinology and Metabolism |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a8b629a3c564b7eab41de60bb1dcc9e2022-12-21T19:16:00ZengKorean Endocrine SocietyEndocrinology and Metabolism2093-596X2093-59782017-05-0132218018910.3803/EnM.2017.32.2.180Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked ProblemSunghwan SuhMi Kyoung ParkGlucocorticoids are widely used as potent anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs to treat a wide range of diseases. However, they are also associated with a number of side effects, including new-onset hyperglycemia in patients without a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) or severely uncontrolled hyperglycemia in patients with known DM. Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes mellitus (GIDM) is a common and potentially harmful problem in clinical practice, affecting almost all medical specialties, but is often difficult to detect in clinical settings. However, scientific evidence is lacking regarding the effects of GIDM, as well as strategies for prevention and treatment. Similarly to nonsteroid-related DM, the principles of early detection and risk factor modification apply. Screening for GIDM should be considered in all patients treated with medium to high doses of glucocorticoids. Challenges in the management of GIDM stem from wide fluctuations in postprandial hyperglycemia and the lack of clearly defined treatment protocols. Together with lifestyle measures, hypoglycemic drugs with insulin-sensitizing effects are indicated. However, insulin therapy is often unavoidable, to the point that insulin can be considered the drug of choice. The treatment of GIDM should take into account the degree and pattern of hyperglycemia, as well as the type, dose, and schedule of glucocorticoid used. Moreover, it is essential to instruct the patient and/or the patient's family about how to perform the necessary adjustments. Prospective studies are needed to answer the remaining questions regarding GIDM.https://e-enm.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/2008ENM/enm-32-180.pdfGlucocorticoidsHyperglycemiaDiabetes mellitus |
| spellingShingle | Sunghwan Suh Mi Kyoung Park Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem Endocrinology and Metabolism Glucocorticoids Hyperglycemia Diabetes mellitus |
| title | Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem |
| title_full | Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem |
| title_fullStr | Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem |
| title_full_unstemmed | Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem |
| title_short | Glucocorticoid-Induced Diabetes Mellitus: An Important but Overlooked Problem |
| title_sort | glucocorticoid induced diabetes mellitus an important but overlooked problem |
| topic | Glucocorticoids Hyperglycemia Diabetes mellitus |
| url | https://e-enm.org/Synapse/Data/PDFData/2008ENM/enm-32-180.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sunghwansuh glucocorticoidinduceddiabetesmellitusanimportantbutoverlookedproblem AT mikyoungpark glucocorticoidinduceddiabetesmellitusanimportantbutoverlookedproblem |