Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer
Fluorine-19 MRI is a promising noninvasive diagnostic method. However, the absence of a nontoxic fluorine-19 MRI tracer that does not suffer from poor biodistribution as a result of its strong fluorophilicity is a constant hurdle in the widespread applicability of this otherwise versatile diagnostic...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2231 |
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| author | David Babuka Kristyna Kolouchova Ondrej Groborz Zdenek Tosner Alexander Zhigunov Petr Stepanek Martin Hruby |
| author_facet | David Babuka Kristyna Kolouchova Ondrej Groborz Zdenek Tosner Alexander Zhigunov Petr Stepanek Martin Hruby |
| author_sort | David Babuka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Fluorine-19 MRI is a promising noninvasive diagnostic method. However, the absence of a nontoxic fluorine-19 MRI tracer that does not suffer from poor biodistribution as a result of its strong fluorophilicity is a constant hurdle in the widespread applicability of this otherwise versatile diagnostic technique. The poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>block</i>-poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide] thermoresponsive copolymer was proposed as an alternative fluorine-19 MRI tracer capable of overcoming such shortcomings. In this paper, the internal structure of self-assembled particles of this copolymer was investigated by various methods including 1D and 2D NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The elucidated structure appears to be that of a nanogel with greatly swollen hydrophilic chains and tightly packed thermoresponsive chains forming a network within the nanogel particles, which become more hydrophobic with increasing temperature. Its capacity to provide a measurable fluorine-19 NMR signal in its aggregated state at human body temperature was also investigated and confirmed. This capacity stems from the different fluorine-19 nuclei relaxation properties compared to those of hydrogen-1 nuclei. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a8e315d56804e3183fb68359d26a107 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:58:04Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a8e315d56804e3183fb68359d26a1072023-11-20T20:26:36ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-11-011011223110.3390/nano10112231Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI TracerDavid Babuka0Kristyna Kolouchova1Ondrej Groborz2Zdenek Tosner3Alexander Zhigunov4Petr Stepanek5Martin Hruby6Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicInstitute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicInstitute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicDepartment of NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Hlavova 8, 128 43 Prague 2, Czech RepublicInstitute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicInstitute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicInstitute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovského náměstí 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech RepublicFluorine-19 MRI is a promising noninvasive diagnostic method. However, the absence of a nontoxic fluorine-19 MRI tracer that does not suffer from poor biodistribution as a result of its strong fluorophilicity is a constant hurdle in the widespread applicability of this otherwise versatile diagnostic technique. The poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>block</i>-poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide] thermoresponsive copolymer was proposed as an alternative fluorine-19 MRI tracer capable of overcoming such shortcomings. In this paper, the internal structure of self-assembled particles of this copolymer was investigated by various methods including 1D and 2D NMR, dynamic light scattering (DLS), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). The elucidated structure appears to be that of a nanogel with greatly swollen hydrophilic chains and tightly packed thermoresponsive chains forming a network within the nanogel particles, which become more hydrophobic with increasing temperature. Its capacity to provide a measurable fluorine-19 NMR signal in its aggregated state at human body temperature was also investigated and confirmed. This capacity stems from the different fluorine-19 nuclei relaxation properties compared to those of hydrogen-1 nuclei.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2231fluorine-19magnetic resonance imagingself-assemblydiblock copolymerPHPMAPDFEA |
| spellingShingle | David Babuka Kristyna Kolouchova Ondrej Groborz Zdenek Tosner Alexander Zhigunov Petr Stepanek Martin Hruby Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer Nanomaterials fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging self-assembly diblock copolymer PHPMA PDFEA |
| title | Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer |
| title_full | Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer |
| title_fullStr | Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer |
| title_short | Internal Structure of Thermoresponsive Physically Crosslinked Nanogel of Poly[<i>N</i>-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide]-<i>Block</i>-Poly[<i>N</i>-(2,2-difluoroethyl)acrylamide], Prominent <sup>19</sup>F MRI Tracer |
| title_sort | internal structure of thermoresponsive physically crosslinked nanogel of poly i n i 2 hydroxypropyl methacrylamide i block i poly i n i 2 2 difluoroethyl acrylamide prominent sup 19 sup f mri tracer |
| topic | fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging self-assembly diblock copolymer PHPMA PDFEA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/11/2231 |
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