Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity
Epithelial tissues are vital to the function of most organs, providing critical functions such as secretion, protection, and absorption. Cells within an epithelial layer must coordinate to create functionally distinct apical, lateral, and basal surfaces in order to maintain proper organ function and...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.854373/full |
| _version_ | 1818744798105829376 |
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| author | Lindsay I. Rathbun Coralee A. Everett Dan T. Bergstralh |
| author_facet | Lindsay I. Rathbun Coralee A. Everett Dan T. Bergstralh |
| author_sort | Lindsay I. Rathbun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epithelial tissues are vital to the function of most organs, providing critical functions such as secretion, protection, and absorption. Cells within an epithelial layer must coordinate to create functionally distinct apical, lateral, and basal surfaces in order to maintain proper organ function and organism viability. This is accomplished through the careful targeting of polarity factors to their respective locations within the cell, as well as the strategic placement of post-mitotic cells within the epithelium during tissue morphogenesis. The process of establishing and maintaining epithelial tissue integrity is conserved across many species, as important polarity factors and spindle orientation mechanisms can be found in many phyla. However, most of the information gathered about these processes and players has been investigated in bilaterian organisms such as C. elegans, Drosophila, and vertebrate species. This review discusses the advances made in the field of epithelial polarity establishment from more basal organisms, and the advantages to utilizing these simpler models. An increasing number of cnidarian model organisms have been sequenced in recent years, such as Hydra vulgaris and Nematostella vectensis. It is now feasible to investigate how polarity is established and maintained in basal organisms to gain an understanding of the most basal requirements for epithelial tissue morphogenesis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:50:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9a96d7f3cfb74ac29c3cd27f09308fec |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T02:50:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9a96d7f3cfb74ac29c3cd27f09308fec2022-12-21T21:23:28ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2022-04-011010.3389/fcell.2022.854373854373Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial PolarityLindsay I. RathbunCoralee A. EverettDan T. BergstralhEpithelial tissues are vital to the function of most organs, providing critical functions such as secretion, protection, and absorption. Cells within an epithelial layer must coordinate to create functionally distinct apical, lateral, and basal surfaces in order to maintain proper organ function and organism viability. This is accomplished through the careful targeting of polarity factors to their respective locations within the cell, as well as the strategic placement of post-mitotic cells within the epithelium during tissue morphogenesis. The process of establishing and maintaining epithelial tissue integrity is conserved across many species, as important polarity factors and spindle orientation mechanisms can be found in many phyla. However, most of the information gathered about these processes and players has been investigated in bilaterian organisms such as C. elegans, Drosophila, and vertebrate species. This review discusses the advances made in the field of epithelial polarity establishment from more basal organisms, and the advantages to utilizing these simpler models. An increasing number of cnidarian model organisms have been sequenced in recent years, such as Hydra vulgaris and Nematostella vectensis. It is now feasible to investigate how polarity is established and maintained in basal organisms to gain an understanding of the most basal requirements for epithelial tissue morphogenesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.854373/fullcnidariaepitheliapolaritymodel organismsapical-basal cell polarity |
| spellingShingle | Lindsay I. Rathbun Coralee A. Everett Dan T. Bergstralh Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology cnidaria epithelia polarity model organisms apical-basal cell polarity |
| title | Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity |
| title_full | Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity |
| title_short | Emerging Cnidarian Models for the Study of Epithelial Polarity |
| title_sort | emerging cnidarian models for the study of epithelial polarity |
| topic | cnidaria epithelia polarity model organisms apical-basal cell polarity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2022.854373/full |
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