The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment
Abstract Background While some research indicates that individuals can accurately judge smile authenticity of enjoyment and masking smile expressions, other research suggest modest judgment rates of masking smiles. The current study explored the role of emotion-related individual differences in the...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-04-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01173-8 |
| _version_ | 1797836231743111168 |
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| author | Adèle Gallant Annalie Pelot Marie-Pier Mazerolle René-Pierre Sonier Annie Roy-Charland |
| author_facet | Adèle Gallant Annalie Pelot Marie-Pier Mazerolle René-Pierre Sonier Annie Roy-Charland |
| author_sort | Adèle Gallant |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background While some research indicates that individuals can accurately judge smile authenticity of enjoyment and masking smile expressions, other research suggest modest judgment rates of masking smiles. The current study explored the role of emotion-related individual differences in the judgment of authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in enjoyment and masking smile expressions as a potential explanation for the differences observed. Methods Specifically, Experiment 1 investigated the role of emotion contagion (Doherty in J Nonverbal Behav 21:131–154, 1997), emotion intelligence (Schutte et al. in Personality Individ Differ 25:167–177, 1998), and emotion regulation (Gratz and Roemer in J Psychopathol Behav Assess 26:41–54, 2004) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles. Experiment 2 investigated the role of state and trait anxiety (Spielberger et al. in Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, 1983) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in the same masking smiles. In both experiments, repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for judgment of authenticity, probability of producing the expected response, for the detection of another emotion, and for emotion recognition. A series of correlations were also calculated between the proportion of expected responses of smile judgement and the scores on the different subscales. Results Results of the smile judgment and recognition tasks were replicated in both studies, and echoed results from prior studies of masking smile judgment: participants rated enjoyment smiles as happier than the masking smiles and, of the masking smiles, participants responded “really happy” more often for the angry-eyes masking smiles and more often categorized fear masking smiles as “not really happy”. Conclusions Overall, while the emotion-related individual differences used in our study seem to have an impact on recognition of basic emotions in the literature, our study suggest that these traits, except for emotional awareness, do not predict performances on the judgment of complex expressions such as masking smiles. These results provide further information regarding the factors that do and do not contribute to greater judgment of smile authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:05:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9aa4d74e3bb5454cad9ec45b3afb1d7a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-7283 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T15:05:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9aa4d74e3bb5454cad9ec45b3afb1d7a2023-04-30T11:32:01ZengBMCBMC Psychology2050-72832023-04-0111112010.1186/s40359-023-01173-8The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgmentAdèle Gallant0Annalie Pelot1Marie-Pier Mazerolle2René-Pierre Sonier3Annie Roy-Charland4School of Psychology, Université de MonctonDepartment of Psychology, Laurentian UniversitySchool of Psychology, Université de MonctonSchool of Psychology, Université de MonctonSchool of Psychology, Université de MonctonAbstract Background While some research indicates that individuals can accurately judge smile authenticity of enjoyment and masking smile expressions, other research suggest modest judgment rates of masking smiles. The current study explored the role of emotion-related individual differences in the judgment of authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in enjoyment and masking smile expressions as a potential explanation for the differences observed. Methods Specifically, Experiment 1 investigated the role of emotion contagion (Doherty in J Nonverbal Behav 21:131–154, 1997), emotion intelligence (Schutte et al. in Personality Individ Differ 25:167–177, 1998), and emotion regulation (Gratz and Roemer in J Psychopathol Behav Assess 26:41–54, 2004) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles. Experiment 2 investigated the role of state and trait anxiety (Spielberger et al. in Manual for the state-trait anxiety inventory, Consulting Psychologists Press, Palo Alto, 1983) in smile authenticity judgment and recognition of negative emotions in the same masking smiles. In both experiments, repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted for judgment of authenticity, probability of producing the expected response, for the detection of another emotion, and for emotion recognition. A series of correlations were also calculated between the proportion of expected responses of smile judgement and the scores on the different subscales. Results Results of the smile judgment and recognition tasks were replicated in both studies, and echoed results from prior studies of masking smile judgment: participants rated enjoyment smiles as happier than the masking smiles and, of the masking smiles, participants responded “really happy” more often for the angry-eyes masking smiles and more often categorized fear masking smiles as “not really happy”. Conclusions Overall, while the emotion-related individual differences used in our study seem to have an impact on recognition of basic emotions in the literature, our study suggest that these traits, except for emotional awareness, do not predict performances on the judgment of complex expressions such as masking smiles. These results provide further information regarding the factors that do and do not contribute to greater judgment of smile authenticity and recognition of negative emotions in masking smiles.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01173-8Masking smilesTraces of negative emotionsAuthenticity of smilesIndividual differences |
| spellingShingle | Adèle Gallant Annalie Pelot Marie-Pier Mazerolle René-Pierre Sonier Annie Roy-Charland The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment BMC Psychology Masking smiles Traces of negative emotions Authenticity of smiles Individual differences |
| title | The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| title_full | The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| title_fullStr | The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| title_full_unstemmed | The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| title_short | The role of emotion-related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| title_sort | role of emotion related individual differences in enjoyment and masking smile judgment |
| topic | Masking smiles Traces of negative emotions Authenticity of smiles Individual differences |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01173-8 |
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