Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms
Many patients develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)). We compared the immune response of LC and individuals with post-COVID full recovery (HC) during the Omicron pandemic. Two hundred ninety-two patients with confirmed COVID infections from January to May 2022 were enrolled. We observed...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/9/1413 |
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| author | Tanyaporn Pongkunakorn Thamonwan Manosan Apinya Surawit Suphawan Ophakas Pichanun Mongkolsucharitkul Sureeporn Pumeiam Sophida Suta Bonggochpass Pinsawas Nitat Sookrung Nawannaporn Saelim Kodchakorn Mahasongkram Pannathee Prangtaworn Anchalee Tungtrongchitr Watip Tangjittipokin Suthee Mangmee Kobporn Boonnak Tassanee Narkdontri Nipaporn Teerawattanapong Rungsima Wanitphadeedecha Korapat Mayurasakorn |
| author_facet | Tanyaporn Pongkunakorn Thamonwan Manosan Apinya Surawit Suphawan Ophakas Pichanun Mongkolsucharitkul Sureeporn Pumeiam Sophida Suta Bonggochpass Pinsawas Nitat Sookrung Nawannaporn Saelim Kodchakorn Mahasongkram Pannathee Prangtaworn Anchalee Tungtrongchitr Watip Tangjittipokin Suthee Mangmee Kobporn Boonnak Tassanee Narkdontri Nipaporn Teerawattanapong Rungsima Wanitphadeedecha Korapat Mayurasakorn |
| author_sort | Tanyaporn Pongkunakorn |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many patients develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)). We compared the immune response of LC and individuals with post-COVID full recovery (HC) during the Omicron pandemic. Two hundred ninety-two patients with confirmed COVID infections from January to May 2022 were enrolled. We observed anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G, surrogate virus neutralization test, T cell subsets, and neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan, BA.1, and BA.5 viruses (NeuT). NeuT was markedly reduced against BA.1 and BA.5 in HC and LC groups, while antibodies were more sustained with three doses and an updated booster shot than ≤2-dose vaccinations. The viral neutralization ability declined at >84-days after COVID-19 onset (PC) in both groups. PD1-expressed central and effector memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, and central memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were reduced in the first months PC in LC. Therefore, booster vaccines may be required sooner after the most recent infection to rescue T cell function for people with symptomatic LC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:52:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ab6ef7af2b74f00828fb8652989ed88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:52:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ab6ef7af2b74f00828fb8652989ed882023-11-19T13:18:37ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-08-01119141310.3390/vaccines11091413Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID SymptomsTanyaporn Pongkunakorn0Thamonwan Manosan1Apinya Surawit2Suphawan Ophakas3Pichanun Mongkolsucharitkul4Sureeporn Pumeiam5Sophida Suta6Bonggochpass Pinsawas7Nitat Sookrung8Nawannaporn Saelim9Kodchakorn Mahasongkram10Pannathee Prangtaworn11Anchalee Tungtrongchitr12Watip Tangjittipokin13Suthee Mangmee14Kobporn Boonnak15Tassanee Narkdontri16Nipaporn Teerawattanapong17Rungsima Wanitphadeedecha18Korapat Mayurasakorn19Siriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandCenter of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandCenter of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandCenter of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandCenter of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandCenter of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandDepartment of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandResearch Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandResearch Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandDepartment of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandSiriraj Population Health and Nutrition Research Group, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, ThailandMany patients develop post-acute COVID syndrome (long COVID (LC)). We compared the immune response of LC and individuals with post-COVID full recovery (HC) during the Omicron pandemic. Two hundred ninety-two patients with confirmed COVID infections from January to May 2022 were enrolled. We observed anti-SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain immunoglobulin G, surrogate virus neutralization test, T cell subsets, and neutralizing antibodies against Wuhan, BA.1, and BA.5 viruses (NeuT). NeuT was markedly reduced against BA.1 and BA.5 in HC and LC groups, while antibodies were more sustained with three doses and an updated booster shot than ≤2-dose vaccinations. The viral neutralization ability declined at >84-days after COVID-19 onset (PC) in both groups. PD1-expressed central and effector memory CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells, and central memory CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells were reduced in the first months PC in LC. Therefore, booster vaccines may be required sooner after the most recent infection to rescue T cell function for people with symptomatic LC.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/9/1413long COVIDneutralizing antibodybreakthrough infectionimmunogenicityOmicron |
| spellingShingle | Tanyaporn Pongkunakorn Thamonwan Manosan Apinya Surawit Suphawan Ophakas Pichanun Mongkolsucharitkul Sureeporn Pumeiam Sophida Suta Bonggochpass Pinsawas Nitat Sookrung Nawannaporn Saelim Kodchakorn Mahasongkram Pannathee Prangtaworn Anchalee Tungtrongchitr Watip Tangjittipokin Suthee Mangmee Kobporn Boonnak Tassanee Narkdontri Nipaporn Teerawattanapong Rungsima Wanitphadeedecha Korapat Mayurasakorn Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms Vaccines long COVID neutralizing antibody breakthrough infection immunogenicity Omicron |
| title | Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms |
| title_full | Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms |
| title_fullStr | Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms |
| title_short | Immune Response after SARS-CoV-2 Infection with Residual Post-COVID Symptoms |
| title_sort | immune response after sars cov 2 infection with residual post covid symptoms |
| topic | long COVID neutralizing antibody breakthrough infection immunogenicity Omicron |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/9/1413 |
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