Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment
Additional energy demand is needed to accomplish the mega-projects of the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). As energy consumption is one of the prime determinants of environmental degradation, the present study investigates the impact of energy inequalities on environmental degradation along wit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1358 |
| _version_ | 1811279794346655744 |
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| author | Muhammad Hafeez Chunhui Yuan Issam Khelfaoui Almalki Sultan Musaad O Muhammad Waqas Akbar Liu Jie |
| author_facet | Muhammad Hafeez Chunhui Yuan Issam Khelfaoui Almalki Sultan Musaad O Muhammad Waqas Akbar Liu Jie |
| author_sort | Muhammad Hafeez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Additional energy demand is needed to accomplish the mega-projects of the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). As energy consumption is one of the prime determinants of environmental degradation, the present study investigates the impact of energy inequalities on environmental degradation along with financial development. The entropy approach is applied to quantify the three energy consumption inequalities; average, between, and total energy consumption inequality respectively. The energy consumption inequality of BRI economies follows an uprising temporal trend. The estimates reveal that East Asia and South Asia have the highest and lowest energy consumption inequality among the BRI regions. Within regions, it is found that Central Asia has the lowest, and East Asia has the highest energy inequality among the BRI regions, respectively. Based on bootstrapping, the generalized least square (GLS) is applied to quantify the impact of energy consumption inequalities on environmental degradation along financial development. The energy inequalities have a statistically positive impact on environmental degradation in BRI regions, East Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East and North African region (MENA), and Southeast Asia respectively. In contrast, South Asian economies are sustaining environmental quality despite the energy consumption inequalities. Financial development also has a significantly major impact on environmental degradation in BRI, and its regions except for Central Asia, and MENA. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:01:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ad8f279877f4c0da3bab7fea5dbd7b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:01:10Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ad8f279877f4c0da3bab7fea5dbd7b12022-12-22T03:09:28ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-04-01127135810.3390/en12071358en12071358Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the EnvironmentMuhammad Hafeez0Chunhui Yuan1Issam Khelfaoui2Almalki Sultan Musaad O3Muhammad Waqas Akbar4Liu Jie5School of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaSchool of Insurance, University of International Business and Economics, Beijing 100029, ChinaCollege of Economic Management, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, ChinaSchool of Finance, Shanxi University of Finance and Economics, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, ChinaAdditional energy demand is needed to accomplish the mega-projects of the Belt & Road Initiative (BRI). As energy consumption is one of the prime determinants of environmental degradation, the present study investigates the impact of energy inequalities on environmental degradation along with financial development. The entropy approach is applied to quantify the three energy consumption inequalities; average, between, and total energy consumption inequality respectively. The energy consumption inequality of BRI economies follows an uprising temporal trend. The estimates reveal that East Asia and South Asia have the highest and lowest energy consumption inequality among the BRI regions. Within regions, it is found that Central Asia has the lowest, and East Asia has the highest energy inequality among the BRI regions, respectively. Based on bootstrapping, the generalized least square (GLS) is applied to quantify the impact of energy consumption inequalities on environmental degradation along financial development. The energy inequalities have a statistically positive impact on environmental degradation in BRI regions, East Asia, Central Asia, the Middle East and North African region (MENA), and Southeast Asia respectively. In contrast, South Asian economies are sustaining environmental quality despite the energy consumption inequalities. Financial development also has a significantly major impact on environmental degradation in BRI, and its regions except for Central Asia, and MENA.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1358energy inequalityenergy consumptionOne Belt and One Roadenvironmental degradation |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Hafeez Chunhui Yuan Issam Khelfaoui Almalki Sultan Musaad O Muhammad Waqas Akbar Liu Jie Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment Energies energy inequality energy consumption One Belt and One Road environmental degradation |
| title | Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment |
| title_full | Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment |
| title_short | Evaluating the Energy Consumption Inequalities in the One Belt and One Road Region: Implications for the Environment |
| title_sort | evaluating the energy consumption inequalities in the one belt and one road region implications for the environment |
| topic | energy inequality energy consumption One Belt and One Road environmental degradation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/7/1358 |
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