Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá
Abstract Background The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panamá over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes. Methods A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analysing d...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03329-y |
| _version_ | 1818267990392569856 |
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| author | Lisbeth Hurtado Alberto Cumbrera Chystrie Rigg Milixa Perea Ana María Santamaría Luis Fernando Chaves Dianik Moreno Luis Romero Jose Lasso Lorenzo Caceres Azael Saldaña Jose E. Calzada |
| author_facet | Lisbeth Hurtado Alberto Cumbrera Chystrie Rigg Milixa Perea Ana María Santamaría Luis Fernando Chaves Dianik Moreno Luis Romero Jose Lasso Lorenzo Caceres Azael Saldaña Jose E. Calzada |
| author_sort | Lisbeth Hurtado |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panamá over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes. Methods A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analysing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884–2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. The effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission were also analysed using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019. Results Several factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panamá, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000–2019) malaria has progressively increased in prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period, a significant and increasing proportion of the Plasmodium falciparum cases were imported. Retrospective analysis (1957–2019) evidenced that ENSO had a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panamá. Conclusions Data analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Elimination Programme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:31:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9ada7b3213de454ab8b724783239fadf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T20:31:22Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-9ada7b3213de454ab8b724783239fadf2022-12-22T00:13:00ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752020-07-0119111610.1186/s12936-020-03329-yLong-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in PanamáLisbeth Hurtado0Alberto Cumbrera1Chystrie Rigg2Milixa Perea3Ana María Santamaría4Luis Fernando Chaves5Dianik Moreno6Luis Romero7Jose Lasso8Lorenzo Caceres9Azael Saldaña10Jose E. Calzada11Departamento de Análisis Epidemiológico y Bioestadísticas, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludDirección de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludDepartamento de Investigación en Parasitología, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludInstituto Costarricense de Investigación Y Enseñanza en Nutrición Y Salud (INCIENSA)Laboratorio Central de Referencia en Salud Publica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludLaboratorio Central de Referencia en Salud Publica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludDepartamento de Control de Vectores, Ministerio de Salud (MINSA)Departamento de Investigación en Entomología Médica, Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la SaludUniversidad de PanamáUniversidad de PanamáAbstract Background The present study provides a countrywide perspective of the malaria situation in Panamá over a long-term framework, with the purpose of identifying historical malaria resurgence events and their potential causes. Methods A descriptive-ecological study was conducted by analysing demographic and epidemiological annual malaria time series data in Panamá (1884–2019) using several data sources. Malaria intensity indicators were calculated during the study period. The effects of El Niño Southern Oscillation on malaria transmission were also analysed using a retrospective analysis of malaria cases between 1957 and 2019. Results Several factors were identified responsible for malaria resurgence in Panamá, mostly related with Malaria Control Programme weakening. During the past 20 years (2000–2019) malaria has progressively increased in prevalence within indigenous settlements, with a predominance of male cases and a high proportion (15% of total cases) in children less than 5 years old. During this period, a significant and increasing proportion of the Plasmodium falciparum cases were imported. Retrospective analysis (1957–2019) evidenced that ENSO had a significant impact on malaria transmission dynamics in Panamá. Conclusions Data analysis confirmed that although authorities have been successful in focalizing malaria transmission in the country, there are still neglected issues to be solved and important intercultural barriers that need to be addressed in order to achieve elimination of the disease by 2022. This information will be useful for targeting strategies by the National Malaria Elimination Programme.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03329-yMalaria eliminationPlasmodiumEpidemiologyClimatePanamá |
| spellingShingle | Lisbeth Hurtado Alberto Cumbrera Chystrie Rigg Milixa Perea Ana María Santamaría Luis Fernando Chaves Dianik Moreno Luis Romero Jose Lasso Lorenzo Caceres Azael Saldaña Jose E. Calzada Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá Malaria Journal Malaria elimination Plasmodium Epidemiology Climate Panamá |
| title | Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá |
| title_full | Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá |
| title_fullStr | Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá |
| title_full_unstemmed | Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá |
| title_short | Long-term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in Panamá |
| title_sort | long term transmission patterns and public health policies leading to malaria elimination in panama |
| topic | Malaria elimination Plasmodium Epidemiology Climate Panamá |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12936-020-03329-y |
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