The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils
Portuguese lavenders remain undervalued in global markets due to the lack of high-quality end-products and scarcity of scientific-based studies validating their bioactive potential. Moreover, chemical variability is frequent in these species, and can compromise both safety and efficacy. In the prese...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/370 |
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| author | Monica Zuzarte Cátia Sousa Carlos Cavaleiro Maria Teresa Cruz Lígia Salgueiro |
| author_facet | Monica Zuzarte Cátia Sousa Carlos Cavaleiro Maria Teresa Cruz Lígia Salgueiro |
| author_sort | Monica Zuzarte |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Portuguese lavenders remain undervalued in global markets due to the lack of high-quality end-products and scarcity of scientific-based studies validating their bioactive potential. Moreover, chemical variability is frequent in these species, and can compromise both safety and efficacy. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory potential of <i>L. luisieri</i> and <i>L. pedunculata</i>, two highly prevalent species in Portugal, was assessed and correlated with their chemical variability. Representative samples with distinct chemical profiles were selected to assess the anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated macrophages. <i>L. luisieri</i> essential oil with low quantities of necrodane derivatives was the most potent at inhibiting NO production. Interestingly, the essential oil was more effective than its main compounds (1,8-cineole and fenchone), assessed alone or in combination. Our results also demonstrated a significant effect of the oil on the expression of the inflammatory proteins (iNOS and pro-IL-1β) and on the NF-κB pathway. Overall, this study highlights the impact of chemical variability on oils’ efficacy by showing distinct effects among the chemotypes. We also identify <i>L. luisieri</i> essential oil, with low quantities of necrodane derivatives, as the most promising in the mitigation of the inflammatory response, thus corroborating its traditional uses and paving the way for the development of herbal medicinal products. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:18:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9adcdfd1b1304dbbbf1dd728f1f22876 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:18:45Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-9adcdfd1b1304dbbbf1dd728f1f228762023-11-23T17:30:50ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-01-0111337010.3390/plants11030370The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential OilsMonica Zuzarte0Cátia Sousa1Carlos Cavaleiro2Maria Teresa Cruz3Lígia Salgueiro4Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalCenter for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalCenter for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalFaculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, PortugalPortuguese lavenders remain undervalued in global markets due to the lack of high-quality end-products and scarcity of scientific-based studies validating their bioactive potential. Moreover, chemical variability is frequent in these species, and can compromise both safety and efficacy. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory potential of <i>L. luisieri</i> and <i>L. pedunculata</i>, two highly prevalent species in Portugal, was assessed and correlated with their chemical variability. Representative samples with distinct chemical profiles were selected to assess the anti-inflammatory effect on LPS-stimulated macrophages. <i>L. luisieri</i> essential oil with low quantities of necrodane derivatives was the most potent at inhibiting NO production. Interestingly, the essential oil was more effective than its main compounds (1,8-cineole and fenchone), assessed alone or in combination. Our results also demonstrated a significant effect of the oil on the expression of the inflammatory proteins (iNOS and pro-IL-1β) and on the NF-κB pathway. Overall, this study highlights the impact of chemical variability on oils’ efficacy by showing distinct effects among the chemotypes. We also identify <i>L. luisieri</i> essential oil, with low quantities of necrodane derivatives, as the most promising in the mitigation of the inflammatory response, thus corroborating its traditional uses and paving the way for the development of herbal medicinal products.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/370essential oiliNOSinterleukinlavendersNF-κB |
| spellingShingle | Monica Zuzarte Cátia Sousa Carlos Cavaleiro Maria Teresa Cruz Lígia Salgueiro The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils Plants essential oil iNOS interleukin lavenders NF-κB |
| title | The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils |
| title_full | The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils |
| title_fullStr | The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils |
| title_short | The Anti-Inflammatory Response of <i>Lavandula luisieri</i> and <i>Lavandula pedunculata</i> Essential Oils |
| title_sort | anti inflammatory response of i lavandula luisieri i and i lavandula pedunculata i essential oils |
| topic | essential oil iNOS interleukin lavenders NF-κB |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/3/370 |
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