Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing
Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available fo...
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/3001 |
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| author | Janos K. Aranyosi Erika Galgoczi Annamaria Erdei Monika Katko Mariann Fodor Zoltan Ujhelyi Ildiko Bacskay Endre V. Nagy Bernadett Ujhelyi |
| author_facet | Janos K. Aranyosi Erika Galgoczi Annamaria Erdei Monika Katko Mariann Fodor Zoltan Ujhelyi Ildiko Bacskay Endre V. Nagy Bernadett Ujhelyi |
| author_sort | Janos K. Aranyosi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available for smokers, including heated tobacco products (HTP) and E-cigarettes (ECIG). We aimed to study the cellular effects of smoke extracts (SE) in orbital fibroblasts. Primary OF cultures from GO and NON-GO orbits were exposed to different concentrations of SE (1%, 50%) and the changes were followed using Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT-CES). Untreated GO and NON-GO cells had different maximum cell index (CI) values of 3.3 and 2.79 respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). CC, HTP and ECIG treated NON-GO fibroblasts exhibited peak CIs of 2.62, 3.32 and 3.41 while treated GO cells’ CIs were higher, 5.38, 6.25 and 6.33, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The metabolic activity (MTT) decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and hyaluronan production doubled (<i>p</i> < 0.02) after 50% of CC SE treatment in all cell cultures. GO fibroblasts were more sensitive to low concentration SE then NON-GO fibroblasts (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The studied SEs exerted different effects. RT-CES is a sensitive technique to detect the effects of very low concentration of SE on fibroblasts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:52:52Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:52:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9af07e254455499ea2e863ea4ff27fd42023-11-23T08:52:45ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-05-01279300110.3390/molecules27093001Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic SensingJanos K. Aranyosi0Erika Galgoczi1Annamaria Erdei2Monika Katko3Mariann Fodor4Zoltan Ujhelyi5Ildiko Bacskay6Endre V. Nagy7Bernadett Ujhelyi8Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDivison of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDivison of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDivison of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDivison of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei Körút 98, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryThyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available for smokers, including heated tobacco products (HTP) and E-cigarettes (ECIG). We aimed to study the cellular effects of smoke extracts (SE) in orbital fibroblasts. Primary OF cultures from GO and NON-GO orbits were exposed to different concentrations of SE (1%, 50%) and the changes were followed using Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT-CES). Untreated GO and NON-GO cells had different maximum cell index (CI) values of 3.3 and 2.79 respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). CC, HTP and ECIG treated NON-GO fibroblasts exhibited peak CIs of 2.62, 3.32 and 3.41 while treated GO cells’ CIs were higher, 5.38, 6.25 and 6.33, respectively (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The metabolic activity (MTT) decreased (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and hyaluronan production doubled (<i>p</i> < 0.02) after 50% of CC SE treatment in all cell cultures. GO fibroblasts were more sensitive to low concentration SE then NON-GO fibroblasts (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). The studied SEs exerted different effects. RT-CES is a sensitive technique to detect the effects of very low concentration of SE on fibroblasts.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/3001retrobulbar fibroblastGraves orbitopathy (GO)cigarette smoke extractalternative tobacco productsreal time cell electronic sensing (RT CES) |
| spellingShingle | Janos K. Aranyosi Erika Galgoczi Annamaria Erdei Monika Katko Mariann Fodor Zoltan Ujhelyi Ildiko Bacskay Endre V. Nagy Bernadett Ujhelyi Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing Molecules retrobulbar fibroblast Graves orbitopathy (GO) cigarette smoke extract alternative tobacco products real time cell electronic sensing (RT CES) |
| title | Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing |
| title_full | Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing |
| title_fullStr | Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing |
| title_short | Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves’ Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing |
| title_sort | different effects of cigarette smoke heated tobacco product and e cigarette vapour on orbital fibroblasts in graves orbitopathy a study by real time cell electronic sensing |
| topic | retrobulbar fibroblast Graves orbitopathy (GO) cigarette smoke extract alternative tobacco products real time cell electronic sensing (RT CES) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/9/3001 |
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