The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution
We present a statistical characterization of circumstellar disk orientations toward 12 protostellar multiple systems in the Perseus molecular cloud using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at Band 6 (1.3 mm) with a resolution of ∼25 mas (∼8 au). This exquisite resolution enabled us to...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2024-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad151d |
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| author | Nickalas K. Reynolds John J. Tobin Patrick D. Sheehan Sarah I. Sadavoy Leslie W. Looney Kaitlin M. Kratter Zhi-Yun Li Dominique M. Segura-Cox Nathan A. Kaib |
| author_facet | Nickalas K. Reynolds John J. Tobin Patrick D. Sheehan Sarah I. Sadavoy Leslie W. Looney Kaitlin M. Kratter Zhi-Yun Li Dominique M. Segura-Cox Nathan A. Kaib |
| author_sort | Nickalas K. Reynolds |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present a statistical characterization of circumstellar disk orientations toward 12 protostellar multiple systems in the Perseus molecular cloud using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at Band 6 (1.3 mm) with a resolution of ∼25 mas (∼8 au). This exquisite resolution enabled us to resolve the compact inner-disk structures surrounding the components of each multiple system and to determine the projected 3D orientation of the disks (position angle and inclination) to high precision. We performed a statistical analysis on the relative alignment of disk pairs to determine whether the disks are preferentially aligned or randomly distributed. We considered three subsamples of the observations selected by the companion separations a < 100 au, a > 500 au, and a < 10,000 au. We found for the compact (<100 au) subsample, the distribution of orientation angles is best described by an underlying distribution of preferentially aligned sources (within 30°) but does not rule out distributions with 40% misaligned sources. The wide companion (>500 au) subsample appears to be consistent with a distribution of 40%–80% preferentially aligned sources. Similarly, the full sample of systems with companions ( a < 10,000 au) is most consistent with a fractional ratio of at most 80% preferentially aligned sources and rules out purely randomly aligned distributions. Thus, our results imply the compact sources (<100 au) and the wide companions (>500 au) are statistically different. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:32:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b028efc8aa848b5ab5a5bb108fde155 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T01:32:33Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b028efc8aa848b5ab5a5bb108fde1552024-03-08T11:34:28ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572024-01-01963216410.3847/1538-4357/ad151dThe Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au ResolutionNickalas K. Reynolds0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9239-6422John J. Tobin1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6195-0152Patrick D. Sheehan2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9209-8708Sarah I. Sadavoy3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7474-6874Leslie W. Looney4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-6587Kaitlin M. Kratter5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5253-1338Zhi-Yun Li6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7402-6487Dominique M. Segura-Cox7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3172-6763Nathan A. Kaib8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5272-5888Homer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma , 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019, USANational Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USANational Radio Astronomy Observatory , 520 Edgemont Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USADepartment of Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy , Queens University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, CanadaDepartment of Astronomy, University of Illinois , 1002 W. Green St, Urbana, IL 61801, USADepartment of Astronomy/Steward Observatory, University of Arizona , 933 North Cherry Ave, Rm. N204, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of Virginia , 530 McCormick Rd, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USADepartment of Astronomy, University of Texas , 2515 Speedway Stop Austin, TX 78712, USA; Max Planck Institute for extraterrestrial Physics , Giessenbachstrasse 1, D-85748 Garching, Bayern, GermanyHomer L. Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Oklahoma , 440 W Brooks St, Norman, OK 73019, USAWe present a statistical characterization of circumstellar disk orientations toward 12 protostellar multiple systems in the Perseus molecular cloud using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array at Band 6 (1.3 mm) with a resolution of ∼25 mas (∼8 au). This exquisite resolution enabled us to resolve the compact inner-disk structures surrounding the components of each multiple system and to determine the projected 3D orientation of the disks (position angle and inclination) to high precision. We performed a statistical analysis on the relative alignment of disk pairs to determine whether the disks are preferentially aligned or randomly distributed. We considered three subsamples of the observations selected by the companion separations a < 100 au, a > 500 au, and a < 10,000 au. We found for the compact (<100 au) subsample, the distribution of orientation angles is best described by an underlying distribution of preferentially aligned sources (within 30°) but does not rule out distributions with 40% misaligned sources. The wide companion (>500 au) subsample appears to be consistent with a distribution of 40%–80% preferentially aligned sources. Similarly, the full sample of systems with companions ( a < 10,000 au) is most consistent with a fractional ratio of at most 80% preferentially aligned sources and rules out purely randomly aligned distributions. Thus, our results imply the compact sources (<100 au) and the wide companions (>500 au) are statistically different.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad151dYoung stellar objectsRadio interferometryProtostars |
| spellingShingle | Nickalas K. Reynolds John J. Tobin Patrick D. Sheehan Sarah I. Sadavoy Leslie W. Looney Kaitlin M. Kratter Zhi-Yun Li Dominique M. Segura-Cox Nathan A. Kaib The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution The Astrophysical Journal Young stellar objects Radio interferometry Protostars |
| title | The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution |
| title_full | The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution |
| title_fullStr | The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution |
| title_short | The Disk Orientations of Perseus Protostellar Multiples at ∼8 au Resolution |
| title_sort | disk orientations of perseus protostellar multiples at ∼8 au resolution |
| topic | Young stellar objects Radio interferometry Protostars |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad151d |
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