A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis
The increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is reflected in additional costs for healthcare systems all over the world. To date, pulse transit time (PTT) is considered a key index of cardiovascular health status and for diagnosis of CVDs. In this context, the present study focuses on...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5005 |
| _version_ | 1797596779675385856 |
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| author | Giorgia Fiori Fabio Fuiano Silvia Conforto Salvatore Andrea Sciuto Andrea Scorza |
| author_facet | Giorgia Fiori Fabio Fuiano Silvia Conforto Salvatore Andrea Sciuto Andrea Scorza |
| author_sort | Giorgia Fiori |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is reflected in additional costs for healthcare systems all over the world. To date, pulse transit time (PTT) is considered a key index of cardiovascular health status and for diagnosis of CVDs. In this context, the present study focuses on a novel image analysis-based method for PTT estimation through the application of equivalent time sampling. The method, which post-processes color Doppler videos, was tested on two different setups: a Doppler flow phantom set in pulsatile mode and an in-house arterial simulator. In the former, the Doppler shift was due to the echogenic properties of the blood mimicking fluid only, since the phantom vessels are non-compliant. In the latter, the Doppler signal relied on the wall movement of compliant vessels in which a fluid with low echogenic properties was pumped. Therefore, the two setups allowed the measurement of the flow average velocity (FAV) and the pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. Data were collected through an ultrasound diagnostic system equipped with a phased array probe. Experimental outcomes confirm that the proposed method can represent an alternative tool for the local measurement of both FAV in non-compliant vessels and PWV in compliant vessels filled with low echogenic fluids. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:57:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b0f430eb23d428782a30e68d19e60da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:57:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b0f430eb23d428782a30e68d19e60da2023-11-18T08:31:14ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202023-05-012311500510.3390/s23115005A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease DiagnosisGiorgia Fiori0Fabio Fuiano1Silvia Conforto2Salvatore Andrea Sciuto3Andrea Scorza4Department of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Industrial, Electronic and Mechanical Engineering, University of Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, ItalyThe increasing incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is reflected in additional costs for healthcare systems all over the world. To date, pulse transit time (PTT) is considered a key index of cardiovascular health status and for diagnosis of CVDs. In this context, the present study focuses on a novel image analysis-based method for PTT estimation through the application of equivalent time sampling. The method, which post-processes color Doppler videos, was tested on two different setups: a Doppler flow phantom set in pulsatile mode and an in-house arterial simulator. In the former, the Doppler shift was due to the echogenic properties of the blood mimicking fluid only, since the phantom vessels are non-compliant. In the latter, the Doppler signal relied on the wall movement of compliant vessels in which a fluid with low echogenic properties was pumped. Therefore, the two setups allowed the measurement of the flow average velocity (FAV) and the pulse wave velocity (PWV), respectively. Data were collected through an ultrasound diagnostic system equipped with a phased array probe. Experimental outcomes confirm that the proposed method can represent an alternative tool for the local measurement of both FAV in non-compliant vessels and PWV in compliant vessels filled with low echogenic fluids.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5005color Dopplerequivalent time samplingflow phantomarterial simulatorflow average velocitypulse wave velocity |
| spellingShingle | Giorgia Fiori Fabio Fuiano Silvia Conforto Salvatore Andrea Sciuto Andrea Scorza A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis Sensors color Doppler equivalent time sampling flow phantom arterial simulator flow average velocity pulse wave velocity |
| title | A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full | A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis |
| title_fullStr | A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis |
| title_short | A Novel Equivalent Time Sampling-Based Method for Pulse Transit Time Estimation with Applications into the Cardiovascular Disease Diagnosis |
| title_sort | novel equivalent time sampling based method for pulse transit time estimation with applications into the cardiovascular disease diagnosis |
| topic | color Doppler equivalent time sampling flow phantom arterial simulator flow average velocity pulse wave velocity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/23/11/5005 |
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