COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal
A few cases of parkinsonism linked to COVID-19 infection have been reported so far, raising the possibility of a post-viral parkinsonian syndrome. The objective of this review is to summarize the clinical, biological, and neuroimaging features of published cases describing COVID-19-related parkinson...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Biomolecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/970 |
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| author | Francesco Cavallieri Valentina Fioravanti Francesco Bove Eleonora Del Prete Sara Meoni Sara Grisanti Marialuisa Zedde Rosario Pascarella Elena Moro Franco Valzania |
| author_facet | Francesco Cavallieri Valentina Fioravanti Francesco Bove Eleonora Del Prete Sara Meoni Sara Grisanti Marialuisa Zedde Rosario Pascarella Elena Moro Franco Valzania |
| author_sort | Francesco Cavallieri |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A few cases of parkinsonism linked to COVID-19 infection have been reported so far, raising the possibility of a post-viral parkinsonian syndrome. The objective of this review is to summarize the clinical, biological, and neuroimaging features of published cases describing COVID-19-related parkinsonism and to discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms. A comprehensive literature search was performed using NCBI’s PubMed database and standardized search terms. Thirteen cases of COVID-19-related parkinsonism were included (7 males; mean age: 51 years ± 14.51, range 31–73). Patients were classified based on the possible mechanisms of post-COVID-19 parkinsonism: extensive inflammation or hypoxic brain injury within the context of encephalopathy (n = 5); unmasking of underlying still non-symptomatic Parkinson’s Disease (PD) (n = 5), and structural and functional basal ganglia damage (n = 3). The various clinical scenarios show different outcomes and responses to dopaminergic treatment. Different mechanisms may play a role, including vascular damage, neuroinflammation, SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasive potential, and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on α-synuclein. Our results confirm that the appearance of parkinsonism during or immediately after COVID-19 infection represents a very rare event. Future long-term observational studies are needed to evaluate the possible role of SARS-CoV-2 infection as a trigger for the development of PD in the long term. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:39:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b1830f2d9904875bb8fbb5a37a369f2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2218-273X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T03:39:39Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b1830f2d9904875bb8fbb5a37a369f22023-12-03T14:43:41ZengMDPI AGBiomolecules2218-273X2022-07-0112797010.3390/biom12070970COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical AppraisalFrancesco Cavallieri0Valentina Fioravanti1Francesco Bove2Eleonora Del Prete3Sara Meoni4Sara Grisanti5Marialuisa Zedde6Rosario Pascarella7Elena Moro8Franco Valzania9Neurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyNeurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyNeurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, ItalyNeurology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, ItalyMovement Disorders Unit, Division of Neurology, Grenoble Alpes University, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, FranceClinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, ItalyNeurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyNeuroradiology Unit, AUSL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyMovement Disorders Unit, Division of Neurology, Grenoble Alpes University, CHU Grenoble Alpes, 38700 Grenoble, FranceNeurology Unit, Neuromotor and Rehabilitation Department, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Via Amendola 2, 42124 Reggio Emilia, ItalyA few cases of parkinsonism linked to COVID-19 infection have been reported so far, raising the possibility of a post-viral parkinsonian syndrome. The objective of this review is to summarize the clinical, biological, and neuroimaging features of published cases describing COVID-19-related parkinsonism and to discuss the possible pathophysiological mechanisms. A comprehensive literature search was performed using NCBI’s PubMed database and standardized search terms. Thirteen cases of COVID-19-related parkinsonism were included (7 males; mean age: 51 years ± 14.51, range 31–73). Patients were classified based on the possible mechanisms of post-COVID-19 parkinsonism: extensive inflammation or hypoxic brain injury within the context of encephalopathy (n = 5); unmasking of underlying still non-symptomatic Parkinson’s Disease (PD) (n = 5), and structural and functional basal ganglia damage (n = 3). The various clinical scenarios show different outcomes and responses to dopaminergic treatment. Different mechanisms may play a role, including vascular damage, neuroinflammation, SARS-CoV-2 neuroinvasive potential, and the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on α-synuclein. Our results confirm that the appearance of parkinsonism during or immediately after COVID-19 infection represents a very rare event. Future long-term observational studies are needed to evaluate the possible role of SARS-CoV-2 infection as a trigger for the development of PD in the long term.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/970COVID-19extrapyramidalparkinsonismParkinson’s DiseaseSARS-CoV-2 |
| spellingShingle | Francesco Cavallieri Valentina Fioravanti Francesco Bove Eleonora Del Prete Sara Meoni Sara Grisanti Marialuisa Zedde Rosario Pascarella Elena Moro Franco Valzania COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal Biomolecules COVID-19 extrapyramidal parkinsonism Parkinson’s Disease SARS-CoV-2 |
| title | COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_full | COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_short | COVID-19 and Parkinsonism: A Critical Appraisal |
| title_sort | covid 19 and parkinsonism a critical appraisal |
| topic | COVID-19 extrapyramidal parkinsonism Parkinson’s Disease SARS-CoV-2 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/12/7/970 |
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