Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates
Diatoms belong to a major, diverse and species-rich eukaryotic clade, the Heterokonta, within the polyphyletic chromalveolates. They evolved as a result of secondary endosymbiosis with one or more Plantae ancestors, but their precise evolutionary history is enigmatic. Nevertheless, this has conferre...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.01033/full |
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| author | Hélène Launay Wenmin Huang Wenmin Huang Stephen C. Maberly Brigitte Gontero |
| author_facet | Hélène Launay Wenmin Huang Wenmin Huang Stephen C. Maberly Brigitte Gontero |
| author_sort | Hélène Launay |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Diatoms belong to a major, diverse and species-rich eukaryotic clade, the Heterokonta, within the polyphyletic chromalveolates. They evolved as a result of secondary endosymbiosis with one or more Plantae ancestors, but their precise evolutionary history is enigmatic. Nevertheless, this has conferred them with unique structural and biochemical properties that have allowed them to flourish in a wide range of different environments and cope with highly variable conditions. We review the effect of pH, light and dark, and CO2 concentration on the regulation of carbon uptake and assimilation. We discuss the regulation of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate synthesis at the level of gene transcripts (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics) and enzyme activity. In contrast to Viridiplantae where redox regulation of metabolic enzymes is important, it appears to be less common in diatoms, based on the current evidence, but regulation at the transcriptional level seems to be widespread. The role of post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, glutathionylation, etc., and of protein-protein interactions, has been overlooked and should be investigated further. Diatoms and other chromalveolates are understudied compared to the Viridiplantae, especially given their ecological importance, but we believe that the ever-growing number of sequenced genomes combined with proteomics, metabolomics, enzyme measurements, and the application of novel techniques will provide a better understanding of how this important group of algae maintain their productivity under changing conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:33:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b3dca2cc032431fb7f172cdcbe914f7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T18:33:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b3dca2cc032431fb7f172cdcbe914f72022-12-22T00:15:52ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2020-07-011110.3389/fpls.2020.01033557059Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other ChromalveolatesHélène Launay0Wenmin Huang1Wenmin Huang2Stephen C. Maberly3Brigitte Gontero4BIP, Aix Marseille Univ CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Marseille, FranceBIP, Aix Marseille Univ CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Marseille, FranceKey Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Center of Plant Ecology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Lake Ecosystems Group, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster, United KingdomBIP, Aix Marseille Univ CNRS, BIP UMR 7281, Marseille, FranceDiatoms belong to a major, diverse and species-rich eukaryotic clade, the Heterokonta, within the polyphyletic chromalveolates. They evolved as a result of secondary endosymbiosis with one or more Plantae ancestors, but their precise evolutionary history is enigmatic. Nevertheless, this has conferred them with unique structural and biochemical properties that have allowed them to flourish in a wide range of different environments and cope with highly variable conditions. We review the effect of pH, light and dark, and CO2 concentration on the regulation of carbon uptake and assimilation. We discuss the regulation of the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle, glycolysis, lipid synthesis, and carbohydrate synthesis at the level of gene transcripts (transcriptomics), proteins (proteomics) and enzyme activity. In contrast to Viridiplantae where redox regulation of metabolic enzymes is important, it appears to be less common in diatoms, based on the current evidence, but regulation at the transcriptional level seems to be widespread. The role of post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, glutathionylation, etc., and of protein-protein interactions, has been overlooked and should be investigated further. Diatoms and other chromalveolates are understudied compared to the Viridiplantae, especially given their ecological importance, but we believe that the ever-growing number of sequenced genomes combined with proteomics, metabolomics, enzyme measurements, and the application of novel techniques will provide a better understanding of how this important group of algae maintain their productivity under changing conditions.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.01033/fullCalvin cycleCO2 concentrating mechanismPhaeodactylum tricornutumredox regulationThalassiosira pseudonana |
| spellingShingle | Hélène Launay Wenmin Huang Wenmin Huang Stephen C. Maberly Brigitte Gontero Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates Frontiers in Plant Science Calvin cycle CO2 concentrating mechanism Phaeodactylum tricornutum redox regulation Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| title | Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates |
| title_full | Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates |
| title_short | Regulation of Carbon Metabolism by Environmental Conditions: A Perspective From Diatoms and Other Chromalveolates |
| title_sort | regulation of carbon metabolism by environmental conditions a perspective from diatoms and other chromalveolates |
| topic | Calvin cycle CO2 concentrating mechanism Phaeodactylum tricornutum redox regulation Thalassiosira pseudonana |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2020.01033/full |
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