A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation
Traditionally, subsea pipelines designed for the transportation of oil, gas, and water are constructed using carbon steel due to its strength, toughness, and ability to operate at temperatures up to 427 °C. However, polyethylene (PE), especially its high-density variant (HDPE), presents advantages s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2032 |
| _version_ | 1827720694931128320 |
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| author | Muhammad Zahid Jiwa Young Tae Kim Zahiraniza Mustaffa Seungjun Kim Do Kyun Kim |
| author_facet | Muhammad Zahid Jiwa Young Tae Kim Zahiraniza Mustaffa Seungjun Kim Do Kyun Kim |
| author_sort | Muhammad Zahid Jiwa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Traditionally, subsea pipelines designed for the transportation of oil, gas, and water are constructed using carbon steel due to its strength, toughness, and ability to operate at temperatures up to 427 °C. However, polyethylene (PE), especially its high-density variant (HDPE), presents advantages such as reduced installation costs, diminished water leakage, and superior corrosion resistance. As research endeavours to enhance PE properties, its adoption for subsea applications is anticipated to rise. This study first delineates the mechanical behaviour of HDPE pipelines for offshore installation, identifying pulling tension, dimension ratio, water depth, and air fill ratio as the paramount lay parameters. Subsequently, a theoretical bend radius equation was derived from pipelaying mechanics using a purely geometric approach. Within this equation, two determinants, parameter X and parameter Y, dictate the sagbend bend radius. Regression analysis elucidated the relationships of lay parameters with both X and Y, yielding a general equation for X in terms of pull tension, water depth, and air fill ratio and another for Y as a function of water depth. Together, these geometric determinants underpin the sagbend bend radius estimation model. For overbend bend radius prediction, a lay index (<i>I<sub>L</sub></i>) was fashioned from the aforementioned three parameters. Correlation assessments between the lay index and overbend bend radius revealed R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.940, 0.836, and 0.712 for pipes with diameters of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 metres, respectively. This underscores the model’s proficiency in predicting the bend radius, albeit with decreasing precision for larger-diameter pipelines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b40963e9ed843639c025e01d22f70e2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:08:04Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b40963e9ed843639c025e01d22f70e22023-11-19T17:00:09ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-10-011110203210.3390/jmse11102032A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore InstallationMuhammad Zahid Jiwa0Young Tae Kim1Zahiraniza Mustaffa2Seungjun Kim3Do Kyun Kim4McDermott Asia Pacific, Kuala Lumpur 50250, MalaysiaOcean and Shore Technology (OST) Research Group, Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Seri Iskandar 32610, Perak, MalaysiaSchool of Civil, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of KoreaOcean and Shore Technology (OST) Research Group, Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of KoreaTraditionally, subsea pipelines designed for the transportation of oil, gas, and water are constructed using carbon steel due to its strength, toughness, and ability to operate at temperatures up to 427 °C. However, polyethylene (PE), especially its high-density variant (HDPE), presents advantages such as reduced installation costs, diminished water leakage, and superior corrosion resistance. As research endeavours to enhance PE properties, its adoption for subsea applications is anticipated to rise. This study first delineates the mechanical behaviour of HDPE pipelines for offshore installation, identifying pulling tension, dimension ratio, water depth, and air fill ratio as the paramount lay parameters. Subsequently, a theoretical bend radius equation was derived from pipelaying mechanics using a purely geometric approach. Within this equation, two determinants, parameter X and parameter Y, dictate the sagbend bend radius. Regression analysis elucidated the relationships of lay parameters with both X and Y, yielding a general equation for X in terms of pull tension, water depth, and air fill ratio and another for Y as a function of water depth. Together, these geometric determinants underpin the sagbend bend radius estimation model. For overbend bend radius prediction, a lay index (<i>I<sub>L</sub></i>) was fashioned from the aforementioned three parameters. Correlation assessments between the lay index and overbend bend radius revealed R<sup>2</sup> values of 0.940, 0.836, and 0.712 for pipes with diameters of 2.0, 2.5, and 3.0 metres, respectively. This underscores the model’s proficiency in predicting the bend radius, albeit with decreasing precision for larger-diameter pipelines.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2032ocean and shore technology (OST)HDPEoffshore installationpipelinebend radiussubsea |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Zahid Jiwa Young Tae Kim Zahiraniza Mustaffa Seungjun Kim Do Kyun Kim A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation Journal of Marine Science and Engineering ocean and shore technology (OST) HDPE offshore installation pipeline bend radius subsea |
| title | A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation |
| title_full | A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation |
| title_fullStr | A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation |
| title_short | A Simplified Approach for Predicting Bend Radius in HDPE Pipelines during Offshore Installation |
| title_sort | simplified approach for predicting bend radius in hdpe pipelines during offshore installation |
| topic | ocean and shore technology (OST) HDPE offshore installation pipeline bend radius subsea |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/10/2032 |
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