New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors
Abstract Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) have varied performance requirements across a diverse application space. Chemically doping the OMIEC can be a simple, low‐cost approach for adapting performance metrics. However, complex challenges, such as identifying new dopant materials...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Advanced Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207694 |
| _version_ | 1797674003522912256 |
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| author | Vianna N. Le Joel H. Bombile Gehan S. Rupasinghe Kyle N. Baustert Ruipeng Li Iuliana P. Maria Maryam Shahi Paula Alarcon Espejo Iain McCulloch Kenneth R. Graham Chad Risko Alexandra F. Paterson |
| author_facet | Vianna N. Le Joel H. Bombile Gehan S. Rupasinghe Kyle N. Baustert Ruipeng Li Iuliana P. Maria Maryam Shahi Paula Alarcon Espejo Iain McCulloch Kenneth R. Graham Chad Risko Alexandra F. Paterson |
| author_sort | Vianna N. Le |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) have varied performance requirements across a diverse application space. Chemically doping the OMIEC can be a simple, low‐cost approach for adapting performance metrics. However, complex challenges, such as identifying new dopant materials and elucidating design rules, inhibit its realization. Here, these challenges are approached by introducing a new n‐dopant, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBA‐OH), and identifying a new design consideration underpinning its success. TBA‐OH behaves as both a chemical n‐dopant and morphology additive in donor acceptor co‐polymer naphthodithiophene diimide‐based polymer, which serves as an electron transporting material in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The combined effects enhance OECT transconductance, charge carrier mobility, and volumetric capacitance, representative of the key metrics underpinning all OMIEC applications. Additionally, when the TBA+ counterion adopts an “edge‐on” location relative to the polymer backbone, Coulombic interaction between the counterion and polaron is reduced, and polaron delocalization increases. This is the first time such mechanisms are identified in doped‐OECTs and doped‐OMIECs. The work herein therefore takes the first steps toward developing the design guidelines needed to realize chemical doping as a generic strategy for tailoring performance metrics in OECTs and OMIECs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:52:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b450cce69df44bb8afc1a16d19d350a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-3844 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T21:52:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b450cce69df44bb8afc1a16d19d350a2023-09-26T07:39:32ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442023-09-011027n/an/a10.1002/advs.202207694New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic ConductorsVianna N. Le0Joel H. Bombile1Gehan S. Rupasinghe2Kyle N. Baustert3Ruipeng Li4Iuliana P. Maria5Maryam Shahi6Paula Alarcon Espejo7Iain McCulloch8Kenneth R. Graham9Chad Risko10Alexandra F. Paterson11Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemistry and Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemistry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USABrookhaven National Lab Upton NY 11973 USADepartment of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UKDepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemistry Chemistry Research Laboratory University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3TA UKDepartment of Chemistry University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemistry and Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USADepartment of Chemical and Materials Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering Centre for Applied Energy Research University of Kentucky Lexington KY 40506 USAAbstract Organic mixed ionic–electronic conductors (OMIECs) have varied performance requirements across a diverse application space. Chemically doping the OMIEC can be a simple, low‐cost approach for adapting performance metrics. However, complex challenges, such as identifying new dopant materials and elucidating design rules, inhibit its realization. Here, these challenges are approached by introducing a new n‐dopant, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBA‐OH), and identifying a new design consideration underpinning its success. TBA‐OH behaves as both a chemical n‐dopant and morphology additive in donor acceptor co‐polymer naphthodithiophene diimide‐based polymer, which serves as an electron transporting material in organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs). The combined effects enhance OECT transconductance, charge carrier mobility, and volumetric capacitance, representative of the key metrics underpinning all OMIEC applications. Additionally, when the TBA+ counterion adopts an “edge‐on” location relative to the polymer backbone, Coulombic interaction between the counterion and polaron is reduced, and polaron delocalization increases. This is the first time such mechanisms are identified in doped‐OECTs and doped‐OMIECs. The work herein therefore takes the first steps toward developing the design guidelines needed to realize chemical doping as a generic strategy for tailoring performance metrics in OECTs and OMIECs.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207694chemical dopingelectron transportingmorphology additiveorganic bioelectronicsorganic electrochemical transistorsorganic electronics |
| spellingShingle | Vianna N. Le Joel H. Bombile Gehan S. Rupasinghe Kyle N. Baustert Ruipeng Li Iuliana P. Maria Maryam Shahi Paula Alarcon Espejo Iain McCulloch Kenneth R. Graham Chad Risko Alexandra F. Paterson New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors Advanced Science chemical doping electron transporting morphology additive organic bioelectronics organic electrochemical transistors organic electronics |
| title | New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors |
| title_full | New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors |
| title_fullStr | New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors |
| title_full_unstemmed | New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors |
| title_short | New Chemical Dopant and Counterion Mechanism for Organic Electrochemical Transistors and Organic Mixed Ionic–Electronic Conductors |
| title_sort | new chemical dopant and counterion mechanism for organic electrochemical transistors and organic mixed ionic electronic conductors |
| topic | chemical doping electron transporting morphology additive organic bioelectronics organic electrochemical transistors organic electronics |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207694 |
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