Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study
PurposeDiabetes and its complications pose an economic burden to healthcare systems, family, and society. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the real-world financial burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment, complications, and cardiovascular death.Materials and MethodsAn electronic database of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.824545/full |
| _version_ | 1811233964290998272 |
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| author | Arintaya Phrommintikul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Unchalee Permsuwan |
| author_facet | Arintaya Phrommintikul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Unchalee Permsuwan |
| author_sort | Arintaya Phrommintikul |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | PurposeDiabetes and its complications pose an economic burden to healthcare systems, family, and society. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the real-world financial burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment, complications, and cardiovascular death.Materials and MethodsAn electronic database of the largest university-affiliated hospital in the North of Thailand was retrieved for a 10-year period (2009-2019). We used the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision codes of diabetes and complications to obtain relevant patient records. All included records based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Expenditures for diabetes treatment, complications, and cardiovascular death for two years were reported as mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range.ResultsOf a total of 9,161 patient records, the average age of patients was 57.8 ± 12.7 years. The average total outpatient cost was THB 22,874 ± 38,066 (US$ 759 ± 1,264) for the first year and THB 23,462 ± 34,441 (US$ 779 ± 1,143) for the second year. The average inpatient expenditure was THB 160,790 ± 411,607 (US$ 5,338 ± 13,666) for the first year and THB 181,804 ± 190,257 (US$ 6,036 ± 6,317) for the second year. Drug was the main component for outpatient expenditure while surgery was the main component for inpatient expenditure. Diabetes patients with complications incurred a greater cost of treatment than those without complications. Cardiovascular death led to about seven times higher cost of treatment than the average total cost of diabetes treatment. Heart failure complications (THB 846,345 ± 752,884 or US$ 28,099 ± 24,996) had the highest inpatient costs compared with other complications in the first year. Stroke complications (THB 71,927 ± 143,414 or US$ 2,388 ± 4,761) had the highest outpatient costs compared with other complications. In general, the first-year expenditure was higher than the second year for all complications.ConclusionsDiabetes incurs a substantial financial burden resulting from its complications. Effective management of diabetes with a multi-sectoral effort from government, providers, patients, and private is required. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:28:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b454bc0ea3b4248970061f1eda2ecfe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T11:28:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b454bc0ea3b4248970061f1eda2ecfe2022-12-22T03:35:07ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922022-05-011310.3389/fendo.2022.824545824545Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational StudyArintaya Phrommintikul0Piyameth Dilokthornsakul1Piyameth Dilokthornsakul2Unchalee Permsuwan3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandCenter for Medical and Health Technology Assessment (CM-HTA), Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandCenter of Pharmaceutical Outcome Research, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, ThailandCenter for Medical and Health Technology Assessment (CM-HTA), Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, ThailandPurposeDiabetes and its complications pose an economic burden to healthcare systems, family, and society. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the real-world financial burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) treatment, complications, and cardiovascular death.Materials and MethodsAn electronic database of the largest university-affiliated hospital in the North of Thailand was retrieved for a 10-year period (2009-2019). We used the International Classification of Disease 10th Revision codes of diabetes and complications to obtain relevant patient records. All included records based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Expenditures for diabetes treatment, complications, and cardiovascular death for two years were reported as mean, standard deviation, median, and interquartile range.ResultsOf a total of 9,161 patient records, the average age of patients was 57.8 ± 12.7 years. The average total outpatient cost was THB 22,874 ± 38,066 (US$ 759 ± 1,264) for the first year and THB 23,462 ± 34,441 (US$ 779 ± 1,143) for the second year. The average inpatient expenditure was THB 160,790 ± 411,607 (US$ 5,338 ± 13,666) for the first year and THB 181,804 ± 190,257 (US$ 6,036 ± 6,317) for the second year. Drug was the main component for outpatient expenditure while surgery was the main component for inpatient expenditure. Diabetes patients with complications incurred a greater cost of treatment than those without complications. Cardiovascular death led to about seven times higher cost of treatment than the average total cost of diabetes treatment. Heart failure complications (THB 846,345 ± 752,884 or US$ 28,099 ± 24,996) had the highest inpatient costs compared with other complications in the first year. Stroke complications (THB 71,927 ± 143,414 or US$ 2,388 ± 4,761) had the highest outpatient costs compared with other complications. In general, the first-year expenditure was higher than the second year for all complications.ConclusionsDiabetes incurs a substantial financial burden resulting from its complications. Effective management of diabetes with a multi-sectoral effort from government, providers, patients, and private is required.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.824545/fulleconomiccostcomplicationcardiovascular complicationThailandtype 2 diabetes |
| spellingShingle | Arintaya Phrommintikul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Piyameth Dilokthornsakul Unchalee Permsuwan Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study Frontiers in Endocrinology economic cost complication cardiovascular complication Thailand type 2 diabetes |
| title | Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study |
| title_full | Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study |
| title_fullStr | Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study |
| title_short | Economic Burdens for Treatment of Patients With Type 2 Diabetes in North Thailand: A Hospital-Based Observational Study |
| title_sort | economic burdens for treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes in north thailand a hospital based observational study |
| topic | economic cost complication cardiovascular complication Thailand type 2 diabetes |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2022.824545/full |
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