Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys
Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the two most common pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Previously, we obtained one candidate live attenuated strain each for EV-A71 and CV-A16; here, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a combinedlive vaccine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1709353 |
| _version_ | 1797677359742058496 |
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| author | Ting Yang Tianhong Xie Xia Song Dong Shen Hua Li Lei Yue Qinfang Jiang Fanli Zhu Huaqing Meng Runxiang Long Rong Yang Feiyu Luo Zhongping Xie |
| author_facet | Ting Yang Tianhong Xie Xia Song Dong Shen Hua Li Lei Yue Qinfang Jiang Fanli Zhu Huaqing Meng Runxiang Long Rong Yang Feiyu Luo Zhongping Xie |
| author_sort | Ting Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the two most common pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Previously, we obtained one candidate live attenuated strain each for EV-A71 and CV-A16; here, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a combinedlive vaccine against EV-A71 and CV-A16 generated from these two candidate strains. Rhesus monkeys were intramuscularly treated with a live combinationvaccine against both EV-A71 and CV-A16 or with either vaccine alone. No fever or atypical clinical signs were observed in any animals. Monkeys vaccinated with the combinationlive vaccine presented no notable pathological changes in the brain, spinal cord, lung, and liver; in contrast, these regions showed inflammatory cell infiltration in monkeys treated with EV-A71 alone or CV-A16 alone. Weak viremia was detected in plasma after inoculation with the combinationvaccine; however, the duration of viral shedding in feces was increased. Biochemical studies revealed a slight increase in aspartate aminotransferase levels in monkeys inoculated with the live combination vaccine; however, histopathological findings did not attribute this change to liver damage. We also found that the live combinationvaccine induced a dual humoral immune response. Cytokine analysis indicated that the combined EV-A71/CV-A16 vaccine significantly down-regulated interleukin-8 production. Here, we have demonstrated that the live attenuated EV-A71/CV-A16 vaccine was safe and could trigger a dual specific immune response. However, its immune protection efficacy requires further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:43:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b4e5df6990f430fb0f8cdc056064780 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2164-5515 2164-554X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T22:43:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b4e5df6990f430fb0f8cdc0560647802023-09-22T08:45:35ZengTaylor & Francis GroupHuman Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics2164-55152164-554X2020-07-011671586159410.1080/21645515.2019.17093531709353Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeysTing Yang0Tianhong Xie1Xia Song2Dong Shen3Hua Li4Lei Yue5Qinfang Jiang6Fanli Zhu7Huaqing Meng8Runxiang Long9Rong Yang10Feiyu Luo11Zhongping Xie12Chinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeThe Affiliated Hospital of GuiZhou Medical UniversityChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academic Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeEnterovirus 71 (EV-A71) and Coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) are the two most common pathogens causing hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). Previously, we obtained one candidate live attenuated strain each for EV-A71 and CV-A16; here, we evaluated the safety and immunogenicity of a combinedlive vaccine against EV-A71 and CV-A16 generated from these two candidate strains. Rhesus monkeys were intramuscularly treated with a live combinationvaccine against both EV-A71 and CV-A16 or with either vaccine alone. No fever or atypical clinical signs were observed in any animals. Monkeys vaccinated with the combinationlive vaccine presented no notable pathological changes in the brain, spinal cord, lung, and liver; in contrast, these regions showed inflammatory cell infiltration in monkeys treated with EV-A71 alone or CV-A16 alone. Weak viremia was detected in plasma after inoculation with the combinationvaccine; however, the duration of viral shedding in feces was increased. Biochemical studies revealed a slight increase in aspartate aminotransferase levels in monkeys inoculated with the live combination vaccine; however, histopathological findings did not attribute this change to liver damage. We also found that the live combinationvaccine induced a dual humoral immune response. Cytokine analysis indicated that the combined EV-A71/CV-A16 vaccine significantly down-regulated interleukin-8 production. Here, we have demonstrated that the live attenuated EV-A71/CV-A16 vaccine was safe and could trigger a dual specific immune response. However, its immune protection efficacy requires further investigation.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1709353hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd)enterovirus 71coxsackievirus 16combination immunization |
| spellingShingle | Ting Yang Tianhong Xie Xia Song Dong Shen Hua Li Lei Yue Qinfang Jiang Fanli Zhu Huaqing Meng Runxiang Long Rong Yang Feiyu Luo Zhongping Xie Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd) enterovirus 71 coxsackievirus 16 combination immunization |
| title | Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys |
| title_full | Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys |
| title_fullStr | Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys |
| title_short | Safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus A16 in rhesus monkeys |
| title_sort | safety and immunogenicity of an experimental live combination vaccine against enterovirus 71 and coxsackievirus a16 in rhesus monkeys |
| topic | hand, foot and mouth disease (hfmd) enterovirus 71 coxsackievirus 16 combination immunization |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1709353 |
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