Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants
In this study, the microclimate of the test room was regulated using thermoelectric air duct cooling system (TE-AD) operated at input powers-240 W, 360 W, 480 W, 600 W, 720 W, and 840 W, on subsequent nights. Fifteen (15) healthy male volunteers were recruited to sleep under these test conditions an...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/19/3695 |
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| author | Kashif Irshad Salem Algarni Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan Khairul Habib Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen Md. Hasan Zahir Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed |
| author_facet | Kashif Irshad Salem Algarni Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan Khairul Habib Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen Md. Hasan Zahir Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed |
| author_sort | Kashif Irshad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, the microclimate of the test room was regulated using thermoelectric air duct cooling system (TE-AD) operated at input powers-240 W, 360 W, 480 W, 600 W, 720 W, and 840 W, on subsequent nights. Fifteen (15) healthy male volunteers were recruited to sleep under these test conditions and their sleep quality was assessed by studying objective measures such as sleep onset latency (SOL), mean skin temperature and heart rate as well as subjective parameters like predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). There was a consistent improvement on all studied parameters when the power of the system was increased from 240 W to 720 W. The mean sleep onset latency time was reduced from (M = 40.7 +/− 0.98 min) to (M = 18.33 +/− 1.18 min) when the operating power was increased from 240 W to 720 W, denoting an improvement in sleep quality. However, increasing the power further to 840 W resulted in deteriorating cooling performance of the TE-AD system leading to an increase in temperature of the test room and reduction in sleep comfort. Analysis of subjective indices of thermal comfort viz. PMV and PPD revealed that subjects are highly sensitive towards variations in microclimate achieved by changing the operating power of the TE-AD. This device was also found to be environmentally sustainable, with estimated reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emission calculated to be around 38% as compared to the conventional air-conditioning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:49:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b515bae73b344099f7c1142a65127e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T19:49:02Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b515bae73b344099f7c1142a65127e62022-12-22T03:18:53ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732019-09-011219369510.3390/en12193695en12193695Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the OccupantsKashif Irshad0Salem Algarni1Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad2Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan3Khairul Habib4Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen5Md. Hasan Zahir6Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed7Center of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy (CoRE-RE), King Fahd University of Petroleum &Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaCollege of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan 32610, MalaysiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Research Excellence in Renewable Energy (CoRE-RE), King Fahd University of Petroleum &Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha 61413, Saudi ArabiaIn this study, the microclimate of the test room was regulated using thermoelectric air duct cooling system (TE-AD) operated at input powers-240 W, 360 W, 480 W, 600 W, 720 W, and 840 W, on subsequent nights. Fifteen (15) healthy male volunteers were recruited to sleep under these test conditions and their sleep quality was assessed by studying objective measures such as sleep onset latency (SOL), mean skin temperature and heart rate as well as subjective parameters like predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). There was a consistent improvement on all studied parameters when the power of the system was increased from 240 W to 720 W. The mean sleep onset latency time was reduced from (M = 40.7 +/− 0.98 min) to (M = 18.33 +/− 1.18 min) when the operating power was increased from 240 W to 720 W, denoting an improvement in sleep quality. However, increasing the power further to 840 W resulted in deteriorating cooling performance of the TE-AD system leading to an increase in temperature of the test room and reduction in sleep comfort. Analysis of subjective indices of thermal comfort viz. PMV and PPD revealed that subjects are highly sensitive towards variations in microclimate achieved by changing the operating power of the TE-AD. This device was also found to be environmentally sustainable, with estimated reduction in CO<sub>2</sub> emission calculated to be around 38% as compared to the conventional air-conditioning.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/19/3695sleeping comfortadaptive modelthermoelectric coolingvariable operating powerco<sub>2</sub> emission |
| spellingShingle | Kashif Irshad Salem Algarni Mohammad Tauheed Ahmad Sayed Ameenuddin Irfan Khairul Habib Mostafa A.H. Abdelmohimen Md. Hasan Zahir Gulam Mohammed Sayeed Ahmed Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants Energies sleeping comfort adaptive model thermoelectric cooling variable operating power co<sub>2</sub> emission |
| title | Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants |
| title_full | Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants |
| title_fullStr | Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants |
| title_short | Microclimate Thermal Management Using Thermoelectric Air-Cooling Duct System Operated at Five Incremental Powers and its Effect on Sleep Adaptation of the Occupants |
| title_sort | microclimate thermal management using thermoelectric air cooling duct system operated at five incremental powers and its effect on sleep adaptation of the occupants |
| topic | sleeping comfort adaptive model thermoelectric cooling variable operating power co<sub>2</sub> emission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/12/19/3695 |
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