Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles
Electric vehicles must improve their electric drive system efficiency and effectively use their limited energy to become a viable means of transportation. As such, these technologies have undergone substantial improvements from their initial conception. More efficient powertrains, together with impr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11474 |
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| author | David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Renato Galluzzi Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera |
| author_facet | David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Renato Galluzzi Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera |
| author_sort | David Sebastian Puma-Benavides |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electric vehicles must improve their electric drive system efficiency and effectively use their limited energy to become a viable means of transportation. As such, these technologies have undergone substantial improvements from their initial conception. More efficient powertrains, together with improved storage technologies, have enabled more extended autonomy. However, from an engineering perspective, these systems are still a key area of research and optimization. This work presents a powertrain optimization methodology, developing energy savings and improving the performance of the electric vehicle by focusing on the differential. The proposed methodology includes a study of the dynamics of the electric vehicle and the generation of a mathematical model that represents it. By simulating the vehicle and varying the final ratio of the differential, a significant optimization for energy savings is obtained by developing a standardized driving cycle. In this case, NEDC, WLTC-2, and WLTC-3 test cycles are used. The results show that a short ratio improves performance, even if this implies a larger torque from the prime mover. Depending on the operating cycle used, an energy-saving between 3% and 8% was registered. An extended energy autonomy and an increment in the life-cycle of the batteries are expected in real driving scenarios. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:57:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b528dd8ad084cda8ce2516d602da4eb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:57:26Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b528dd8ad084cda8ce2516d602da4eb2023-11-23T02:08:48ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-12-0111231147410.3390/app112311474Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving CyclesDavid Sebastian Puma-Benavides0Javier Izquierdo-Reyes1Renato Galluzzi2Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera3School of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, MexicoSchool of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, MexicoSchool of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Mexico City 14380, MexicoSchool of Engineering and Sciences, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Toluca de Lerdo 50110, MexicoElectric vehicles must improve their electric drive system efficiency and effectively use their limited energy to become a viable means of transportation. As such, these technologies have undergone substantial improvements from their initial conception. More efficient powertrains, together with improved storage technologies, have enabled more extended autonomy. However, from an engineering perspective, these systems are still a key area of research and optimization. This work presents a powertrain optimization methodology, developing energy savings and improving the performance of the electric vehicle by focusing on the differential. The proposed methodology includes a study of the dynamics of the electric vehicle and the generation of a mathematical model that represents it. By simulating the vehicle and varying the final ratio of the differential, a significant optimization for energy savings is obtained by developing a standardized driving cycle. In this case, NEDC, WLTC-2, and WLTC-3 test cycles are used. The results show that a short ratio improves performance, even if this implies a larger torque from the prime mover. Depending on the operating cycle used, an energy-saving between 3% and 8% was registered. An extended energy autonomy and an increment in the life-cycle of the batteries are expected in real driving scenarios.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11474energy managementfinal ratioelectric vehicledifferentialelectric vehicle testEV performance |
| spellingShingle | David Sebastian Puma-Benavides Javier Izquierdo-Reyes Renato Galluzzi Juan de Dios Calderon-Najera Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles Applied Sciences energy management final ratio electric vehicle differential electric vehicle test EV performance |
| title | Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles |
| title_full | Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles |
| title_fullStr | Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles |
| title_short | Influence of the Final Ratio on the Consumption of an Electric Vehicle under Conditions of Standardized Driving Cycles |
| title_sort | influence of the final ratio on the consumption of an electric vehicle under conditions of standardized driving cycles |
| topic | energy management final ratio electric vehicle differential electric vehicle test EV performance |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/23/11474 |
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