Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions
Pollution from industrial wastewater has the greatest impact on the environment due to the wide variety of wastes and materials that water can contain. These include heavy metals. Some of the technologies that are used to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents are inadequate, because they can...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/5/1320 |
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| author | Marina Corral Bobadilla Rubén Lostado Lorza Fátima Somovilla Gómez Rubén Escribano García |
| author_facet | Marina Corral Bobadilla Rubén Lostado Lorza Fátima Somovilla Gómez Rubén Escribano García |
| author_sort | Marina Corral Bobadilla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pollution from industrial wastewater has the greatest impact on the environment due to the wide variety of wastes and materials that water can contain. These include heavy metals. Some of the technologies that are used to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents are inadequate, because they cannot reduce their concentration of the former to below the discharge limits. Biosorption technology has demonstrated its potential in recent years as an alternative for this type of application. This paper examines the biosorption process for the removal of nickel ions that are present in wastewater using olive stone waste as the biosorbent. Kinetic studies were conducted to investigate the biosorbent dosage, pH of the solution, and stirring speed. These are input variables that are frequently used to determine the efficiency of the adsorption process. This paper describes an effort to identify regression models, in which the biosorption process variables are related to the process output (i.e., the removal efficiency). It uses the Response Surface Method (RSM) and it is based on Box Benken Design experiments (BBD), in which olive stones serves as the biosorbent. Several scenarios of biosorption were proposed and demonstrated by use of the Multi-Response Surface (MRS) and desirability functions. The optimum conditions that were necessary to remove nickel when the dosage of biosorbent was the minimum (0.553 g/L) were determined to be a stirring speed of 199.234 rpm and a pH of 6.369. The maximum removal of nickel under optimized conditions was 61.73%. Therefore, the olive stone waste that was investigated has the potential to provide an inexpensive biosorbent material for use in recovering the water that the nickel has contaminated. The experimental results agree closely with what the regression models have provided. This confirms the use of MRS since this technique and enables satisfactory predictions with use of the least possible amount of experimental data. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:59:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b534255c4984063b89d59098f610fc5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:59:35Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b534255c4984063b89d59098f610fc52023-11-19T23:41:14ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-05-01125132010.3390/w12051320Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability FunctionsMarina Corral Bobadilla0Rubén Lostado Lorza1Fátima Somovilla Gómez2Rubén Escribano García3Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, La Rioja, SpainDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, La Rioja, SpainDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logroño, La Rioja, SpainLORTEK Technological Center, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Arranomendia Kalea 4A, 20240 Ordizia, SpainPollution from industrial wastewater has the greatest impact on the environment due to the wide variety of wastes and materials that water can contain. These include heavy metals. Some of the technologies that are used to remove heavy metals from industrial effluents are inadequate, because they cannot reduce their concentration of the former to below the discharge limits. Biosorption technology has demonstrated its potential in recent years as an alternative for this type of application. This paper examines the biosorption process for the removal of nickel ions that are present in wastewater using olive stone waste as the biosorbent. Kinetic studies were conducted to investigate the biosorbent dosage, pH of the solution, and stirring speed. These are input variables that are frequently used to determine the efficiency of the adsorption process. This paper describes an effort to identify regression models, in which the biosorption process variables are related to the process output (i.e., the removal efficiency). It uses the Response Surface Method (RSM) and it is based on Box Benken Design experiments (BBD), in which olive stones serves as the biosorbent. Several scenarios of biosorption were proposed and demonstrated by use of the Multi-Response Surface (MRS) and desirability functions. The optimum conditions that were necessary to remove nickel when the dosage of biosorbent was the minimum (0.553 g/L) were determined to be a stirring speed of 199.234 rpm and a pH of 6.369. The maximum removal of nickel under optimized conditions was 61.73%. Therefore, the olive stone waste that was investigated has the potential to provide an inexpensive biosorbent material for use in recovering the water that the nickel has contaminated. The experimental results agree closely with what the regression models have provided. This confirms the use of MRS since this technique and enables satisfactory predictions with use of the least possible amount of experimental data.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/5/1320biosorptionnickelolive stonemulti-response surface methodology |
| spellingShingle | Marina Corral Bobadilla Rubén Lostado Lorza Fátima Somovilla Gómez Rubén Escribano García Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions Water biosorption nickel olive stone multi-response surface methodology |
| title | Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions |
| title_full | Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions |
| title_fullStr | Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions |
| title_full_unstemmed | Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions |
| title_short | Adsorptive of Nickel in Wastewater by Olive Stone Waste: Optimization through Multi-Response Surface Methodology Using Desirability Functions |
| title_sort | adsorptive of nickel in wastewater by olive stone waste optimization through multi response surface methodology using desirability functions |
| topic | biosorption nickel olive stone multi-response surface methodology |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/5/1320 |
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