Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications
A modified monopole patch antenna for microwave-based hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke recognition is presented in this article. The designed antenna is fabricated on a cost-effective FR-4 lossy material with a 0.02 loss tangent and 4.4 dielectric constant. Its overall dimensions are 0.32 λ × 0.28 λ ×...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7235 |
| _version_ | 1797476966155157504 |
|---|---|
| author | Abdulrahman Alqahtani Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md Siam Talukder Md Samsuzzaman Mohsen Bakouri Sofiene Mansouri Thamer Almoneef Socrates Dokos Yousef Alharbi |
| author_facet | Abdulrahman Alqahtani Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md Siam Talukder Md Samsuzzaman Mohsen Bakouri Sofiene Mansouri Thamer Almoneef Socrates Dokos Yousef Alharbi |
| author_sort | Abdulrahman Alqahtani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A modified monopole patch antenna for microwave-based hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke recognition is presented in this article. The designed antenna is fabricated on a cost-effective FR-4 lossy material with a 0.02 loss tangent and 4.4 dielectric constant. Its overall dimensions are 0.32 λ × 0.28 λ × 0.007 λ, where λ is the lower bandwidth 1.3 GHz frequency wavelength. An inset feeding approach is utilized to feed the antenna to reduce the input impedance (z = voltage/current). A total bandwidth (below −10 dB) of 2.4 GHz (1.3–3.7 GHz) is achieved with an effective peak gain of over 6 dBi and an efficiency of over 90%. A time-domain analysis confirms that the antenna produces minimal signal distortion. Simulated and experimental findings share a lot of similarities. Brain tissue is penetrated by the antenna to a satisfactory degree, while still exhibiting a safe specific absorption rate (SAR). The maximum SAR value measured for the head model is constrained to be equal to or below 0.1409 W/kg over the entire usable frequency band. Evaluation of theoretical and experimental evidence indicates the intended antenna is appropriate for Microwave Imaging (MWI) applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9b5d33c45bcd4cddaaacaccdbbf5c889 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:11:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-9b5d33c45bcd4cddaaacaccdbbf5c8892023-11-23T21:45:47ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-09-012219723510.3390/s22197235Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging ApplicationsAbdulrahman Alqahtani0Mohammad Tariqul Islam1Md Siam Talukder2Md Samsuzzaman3Mohsen Bakouri4Sofiene Mansouri5Thamer Almoneef6Socrates Dokos7Yousef Alharbi8Department of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied, Medical Science, Majmaah University, Majmaah City 11952, Saudi ArabiaCentre for Advanced Electronic and Communication Engineering, Department of Electrical, Electronic and Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi 43600, MalaysiaDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Patuakhali Science and Technology, Patuakhali 8602, BangladeshDepartment of Computer and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Patuakhali Science and Technology, Patuakhali 8602, BangladeshDepartment of Medical Equipment Technology, College of Applied, Medical Science, Majmaah University, Majmaah City 11952, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaElectrical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 16278, Saudi ArabiaGraduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, AustraliaDepartment of Biomedical Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi ArabiaA modified monopole patch antenna for microwave-based hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke recognition is presented in this article. The designed antenna is fabricated on a cost-effective FR-4 lossy material with a 0.02 loss tangent and 4.4 dielectric constant. Its overall dimensions are 0.32 λ × 0.28 λ × 0.007 λ, where λ is the lower bandwidth 1.3 GHz frequency wavelength. An inset feeding approach is utilized to feed the antenna to reduce the input impedance (z = voltage/current). A total bandwidth (below −10 dB) of 2.4 GHz (1.3–3.7 GHz) is achieved with an effective peak gain of over 6 dBi and an efficiency of over 90%. A time-domain analysis confirms that the antenna produces minimal signal distortion. Simulated and experimental findings share a lot of similarities. Brain tissue is penetrated by the antenna to a satisfactory degree, while still exhibiting a safe specific absorption rate (SAR). The maximum SAR value measured for the head model is constrained to be equal to or below 0.1409 W/kg over the entire usable frequency band. Evaluation of theoretical and experimental evidence indicates the intended antenna is appropriate for Microwave Imaging (MWI) applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7235monopole patch antennamicrowave-basedstroke recognitionmicrowave imaging |
| spellingShingle | Abdulrahman Alqahtani Mohammad Tariqul Islam Md Siam Talukder Md Samsuzzaman Mohsen Bakouri Sofiene Mansouri Thamer Almoneef Socrates Dokos Yousef Alharbi Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications Sensors monopole patch antenna microwave-based stroke recognition microwave imaging |
| title | Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications |
| title_full | Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications |
| title_fullStr | Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications |
| title_short | Slotted Monopole Patch Antenna for Microwave-Based Head Imaging Applications |
| title_sort | slotted monopole patch antenna for microwave based head imaging applications |
| topic | monopole patch antenna microwave-based stroke recognition microwave imaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/19/7235 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT abdulrahmanalqahtani slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT mohammadtariqulislam slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT mdsiamtalukder slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT mdsamsuzzaman slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT mohsenbakouri slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT sofienemansouri slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT thameralmoneef slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT socratesdokos slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications AT yousefalharbi slottedmonopolepatchantennaformicrowavebasedheadimagingapplications |