Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization
Filamentous fungi synthesize natural products as an ecological function. In this study, an interesting indigenous fungus producing orange pigment exogenously was investigated in detail as it possesses additional attributes along with colouring properties. An interesting fungus was isolated from a di...
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/393 |
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| author | Ajay C. Lagashetti Sanjay K. Singh Laurent Dufossé Pratibha Srivastava Paras N. Singh |
| author_facet | Ajay C. Lagashetti Sanjay K. Singh Laurent Dufossé Pratibha Srivastava Paras N. Singh |
| author_sort | Ajay C. Lagashetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Filamentous fungi synthesize natural products as an ecological function. In this study, an interesting indigenous fungus producing orange pigment exogenously was investigated in detail as it possesses additional attributes along with colouring properties. An interesting fungus was isolated from a dicot plant, <i>Maytenus rothiana</i>. After a detailed study, the fungal isolate turned out to be a species of <i>Gonatophragmium</i> belonging to the family <i>Acrospermaceae</i>. Based on the morphological, cultural, and sequence-based phylogenetic analysis, the identity of this fungus was confirmed as <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i>. Although this fungus grows moderately, it produces good amounts of pigment on an agar medium. The fermented crude extract isolated from <i>G. triuniae</i> has shown antioxidant activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.99 mg/mL and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (with MIC of 3.91 μg/mL against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and 15.6 μg/mL and 31.25 μg/mL for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>, respectively). Dyeing of cotton fabric mordanted with FeSO<sub>4</sub> using crude pigment was found to be satisfactory based on visual observation, suggesting its possible use in the textile industry. The orange pigment was purified from the crude extract by preparative HP-TLC. In addition, UV-Vis, FTIR, HRMS and NMR (<sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR), COSY, and DEPT analyses revealed the orange pigment to be “1,2-dimethoxy-3<i>H</i>-phenoxazin-3-one” (C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>11</sub>NO<sub>4</sub>, <i>m/z</i> 257). To our understanding, the present study is the first comprehensive report on <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> as a potential pigment producer, reporting “1,2-dimethoxy-3<i>H</i>-phenoxazin-3-one” as the main pigment from the crude hexane extract. Moreover, this is the first study reporting antioxidant, antibacterial, and dyeing potential of crude extract of <i>G. triuniae</i>, suggesting possible potential applications of pigments and other bioactive secondary metabolites of the <i>G. triuniae</i> in textile and pharmaceutical industry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:51:07Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:51:07Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9b76d92ebbf94449aafbac2800cef32c2023-11-23T14:51:17ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-01-0127239310.3390/molecules27020393Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical CharacterizationAjay C. Lagashetti0Sanjay K. Singh1Laurent Dufossé2Pratibha Srivastava3Paras N. Singh4National Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS’ Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, IndiaNational Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS’ Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, IndiaCHEMBIOPRO Chimie et Biotechnologie des Produits Naturels, ESIROI Département Agroalimentaire, Université de la Réunion, F-97490 Sainte-Clotilde, Ile de La Réunion, FranceFaculty of Science, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, IndiaNational Fungal Culture Collection of India (NFCCI), Biodiversity and Palaeobiology Group, MACS’ Agharkar Research Institute, G.G. Agarkar Road, Pune 411004, IndiaFilamentous fungi synthesize natural products as an ecological function. In this study, an interesting indigenous fungus producing orange pigment exogenously was investigated in detail as it possesses additional attributes along with colouring properties. An interesting fungus was isolated from a dicot plant, <i>Maytenus rothiana</i>. After a detailed study, the fungal isolate turned out to be a species of <i>Gonatophragmium</i> belonging to the family <i>Acrospermaceae</i>. Based on the morphological, cultural, and sequence-based phylogenetic analysis, the identity of this fungus was confirmed as <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i>. Although this fungus grows moderately, it produces good amounts of pigment on an agar medium. The fermented crude extract isolated from <i>G. triuniae</i> has shown antioxidant activity with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 0.99 mg/mL and antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria (with MIC of 3.91 μg/mL against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, and 15.6 μg/mL and 31.25 μg/mL for <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>, respectively). Dyeing of cotton fabric mordanted with FeSO<sub>4</sub> using crude pigment was found to be satisfactory based on visual observation, suggesting its possible use in the textile industry. The orange pigment was purified from the crude extract by preparative HP-TLC. In addition, UV-Vis, FTIR, HRMS and NMR (<sup>1</sup>H NMR, <sup>13</sup>C NMR), COSY, and DEPT analyses revealed the orange pigment to be “1,2-dimethoxy-3<i>H</i>-phenoxazin-3-one” (C<sub>14</sub>H<sub>11</sub>NO<sub>4</sub>, <i>m/z</i> 257). To our understanding, the present study is the first comprehensive report on <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> as a potential pigment producer, reporting “1,2-dimethoxy-3<i>H</i>-phenoxazin-3-one” as the main pigment from the crude hexane extract. Moreover, this is the first study reporting antioxidant, antibacterial, and dyeing potential of crude extract of <i>G. triuniae</i>, suggesting possible potential applications of pigments and other bioactive secondary metabolites of the <i>G. triuniae</i> in textile and pharmaceutical industry.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/393<i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i>pigmentsbioactivitydyeingchemical characterization |
| spellingShingle | Ajay C. Lagashetti Sanjay K. Singh Laurent Dufossé Pratibha Srivastava Paras N. Singh Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization Molecules <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> pigments bioactivity dyeing chemical characterization |
| title | Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization |
| title_full | Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization |
| title_fullStr | Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization |
| title_short | Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Dyeing Potential of Crude Pigment Extract of <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> and Its Chemical Characterization |
| title_sort | antioxidant antibacterial and dyeing potential of crude pigment extract of i gonatophragmium triuniae i and its chemical characterization |
| topic | <i>Gonatophragmium triuniae</i> pigments bioactivity dyeing chemical characterization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/2/393 |
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